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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bessemer process
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cheap, efficient way to make steel
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black codes
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laws, in Southern states after Civil War, to limit rights of African Americans
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Bleeding Kansas
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description of the antebellum Kansas Territory, due to conflict over slavery
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Columbian Exchange
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movement of plants, animals, and disease between the Americas and Europe after Columbus's voyage
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emancipation
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freeing of slaves
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executive branch
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administers and enforces laws
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Federalist
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supporter of the Constitution and strong national government
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grandfather clause
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exempted Southern whites from the strict requirments applied to African-American voters
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Grange
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organization of farmers to combat power of railroads, late 19th century
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imperialism
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policy of extending national influence over other countries by political, economic, or military means
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Indian Removal Act
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1830 law requiring Native Americans east of the Mississippi River to move to the West
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Industrial Revolution
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the change in society that occurred through replacing hand tools with machines and developing large-scale industry, late 19th-early 20 th century
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judicial branch
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interprets the laws and Constitution
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Ku Klux Klan
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secret white supremacist organization that terrorized African Americans during Reconstruction
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legislative branch
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makes laws
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Loyalist
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a colonist who supported the British government during the American Revolution
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manifest destiny
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19th-century belief that U.S. would inevitably spread to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexico
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monopoly
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complete control of an industry by a single company
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nullification
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a state's refusal to recognize an act of Congress it considers unconstitutional
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Radical Republican
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Reconstruction congressmen who favored full rights for African Americans and decreased power for former slave owners
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Reconstruction
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period of rebuilding after the Civil War, former Confederate states readmitted to the Union
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secession
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formal withdrawal of a state from the Union
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States' rights
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belief that rights of individual states take priority over laws of the national government
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suffrage
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the right to vote
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Trail of Tears
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route of forced Cherokee evacuation from Georgia, 1838
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trust
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consolidation of competing companies into one large corporation
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