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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Centrally acting antihypertensives
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Clonidine
Methydopa |
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CAH Indications
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Hypertension
+ Gestational hypertension (methyldopa) + Treatment of menopausal flushing, ADHD, adjunct to anaesthesia, symptoms of opioid withdrawal (clonidine) |
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CAH SE
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orthostatic hypotension
dizziness drowsiness fatigue headache dry mouth bradycardia + fever (methyldopa) |
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CAH Labels
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16
+ 1,9 (C) + 12 (M) |
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CAH Counselling
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+ Clonidine withdrawal may cause a hypertensive crisis (9)
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Clonidine Monitoring
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BP
hepatic function weight- fluid retention plasma catecholamines |
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Methydopa Monitoring
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BP
LFT Oedema WBC RBC |
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Moxonidine Indications -
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3rd line antihypertensive
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Moxonidine SE
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weak
dry mouth rash |
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Moxonidine Counselling
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1, 9, 12, 16
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Moxonidine Monitoring
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BP
RF |
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Sotalol Indications
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Treatment and prevention of arrhythmias, including atrial,
supraventricular and serious ventricular arrhythmias |
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Sotalol SE
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+ worsening Raynaud's
+ disturbances of vision, taste, hearing |
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Sotalol Labels
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9, 12
+ 4, C |
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Sotalol Counselling
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Sotalol may cause dizziness, drowsiness or visual disturbances; if you are affected, do not drive or operate machinery
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Sotalol Monitoring
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BGL & lipid
BP LFT + ECG |
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Digoxin Indications
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AF or atrial flutter
Heart failure SVT with AV nodal re-entry |
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Digoxin SE
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anorexia
n/v diarrhoea blurred vision yellow vision confusion drowsiness nightmares agitation depression |
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Digoxin Counseling + Labels
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5
- be aware of signs of toxicity; i.e. anorexia, nausea, vomiting or visual disturbances (blurred vision, yellow vision) |
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Digoxin Monitoring
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- digoxin levels before dose, then 6 hrs after (0.5-2ug/L)
- RF - electrolytes |
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Amiodarone Indications
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Serious tachycardia
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Amiodarone SE
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anorexia
n/v constipation taste disturbance (metallic taste, loss of taste) photosensitivity blue skin pigmentation neurotoxicity HYPO/HYPER THYROID (contains iodine) PULMONARY TOXICITY vivid dreams and nightmares |
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Amiodarone Counseling + Labels
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5, 8, 18
! you will need regular blood tests, ECGs and chest x-rays while taking amiodarone ! tell your doctor if you develop shortness of breath or a dry cough, problems with your vision, weight loss, muscle weakness or worsening of your heart symptoms |
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Amiodarone Monitoring
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- thyroid
- iodine - amiodarone concetration - electrolyte imbalances - FBC - ECGs - Chest X-rays - Eye condition |
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Nitrates
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GTN
Isosorbide dinitrate Isosorbide mononitrate |
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Nitrates Indications
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Prevention and treatment of angina
+ Chronic heart failure (isosorbide dinatrate with hydralazine) |
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Nitrates SE
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Most due to vasodilation:
headache flushing palpitations orthostatic hypotension* peripheral oedema |
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Nitrates Labels
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16
+ 7a, 13 (GTN) + A (CR Iso Mono) |
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Nitrates Counseling
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Sublingual tabs and spray:
! use during episodes of angina or before an activity expected to precipitate angina ! sit or lie down before use* ! place one tab/spray under tongue; do not swallow; spit out after angina relieved to avoid SE such as headaches ! call ambulance if two tabs/sprays over 15 minutes don’t relieve pain ! Store tablets in original glass container and protect from moisture, light and heat; do not carry close to the body; write date of opening on container and discard unused contents after 3 months. Prime spray several times if not used for a while or new. Expire in 2 years of opening. Ensure nitrate-free period (10-12 hours) to avoid tolerance. |
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Nitrates Monitoring
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oedema
hypotension decreased ability in treating and/or preventing angina attacks |
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Nicorandil Indications
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Prevention and treatment of stable angina
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Nicrorandil SE
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dizziness, headache,
flushing, palpitations, lethargy |
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Nicrorandil Counselling and Labels
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9, 12
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Nicrorandil Monitoring
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signs of GI inflammation, ulceration or peroforation
- BP |
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Perhexiline Indications
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Angina refractory to other medical or surgical treatment.
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Perhexiline SE
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dizziness,
headache, weight loss, nausea, hepatotoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, hypoglycaemia |
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Perhexiline Counselling + Labels
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12
You will need to go for regular blood test whilst taking this medication |
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Perhexiline Monitoring
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LFT monthly
weight BGL signs of hepatotoxicity peripherial neuropathy therapeutic range 3-5 days then monthly TG, cholestrol ECG |
