16

Front 1

Argument

Back 1

One or more premises used to provide support for a conclusion.

Front 2

Attachment

Back 2

A close, emotional bond of affection between infants and their caregivers.

Front 3

Attitudes

Back 3

Orientations that locate objects of thought on dimensions of judgment.

Front 4

Attributions

Back 4

Inferences that people draw about the causes of events, others' behavior, and their own behavior.

Front 5

Behavior

Back 5

Any overt (observable) response or activity by an organism.

Front 6

Bystander effect

Back 6

A paradoxical social phenomenon in which people are less likely to provide needed help when they are in groups than when they are alone.

Front 7

Channel

Back 7

The medium through which a message is sent.

Front 8

Cognitive dissonance

Back 8

A psychological state that exists when related cognitions are inconsistent.

Front 9

Collectivism

Back 9

Putting group goals ahead of personal goals and defining one's identity in terms of the groups one belongs to.

Front 10

Commitment

Back 10

An intent to maintain a relationship in spite of the difficulties and costs that may arise.

Front 11

Companionate love

Back 11

Warm, trusting, tolerant affection for another whose life is deeply intertwined with one's own.

Front 12

Concordance rate

Back 12

The percentage of twin pairs or other pairs of relatives that exhibit the same disorder.

Front 13

Confirmation bias

Back 13

The tendency to seek information that supports one's decisions and beliefs while ignoring disconfirming information.

Front 14

Conformity

Back 14

The tendency for people to yield to real or imagined social pressure.

Front 15

Defensive attribution

Back 15

The tendency to blame victims for their misfortune, so that one feels less likely to be victimized in a similar way.

Front 16

Discrimination

Back 16

Behaving differently, usually unfairly, toward the members of a group.

Front 17

Empiricism

Back 17

The premise that knowledge should be acquired through observation.

Front 18

Ethnocentrism

Back 18

The tendency to view one's own group as superior to others and as the standard for judging the worth of foreign ways.

Front 19

External attributions

Back 19

Ascribing the causes of behavior to situational demands and environmental constraints.

Front 20

Foot-in-the-door technique

Back 20

Getting people to agree to a small request to increase the chances that they will agree to a larger request later.

Front 21

Fundamental attribution error

Back 21

Observers' bias in favor of internal attributions in explaining others' behavior.

Front 22

Gender stereotypes

Back 22

Widely held beliefs about males' and females' abilities, personality traits, and behavior.

Front 23

Group

Back 23

Two or more individuals who interact and are interdependent.

Front 24

Group cohesiveness

Back 24

The strength of the liking relationships linking group members to each other and to the group itself.

Front 25

Group polarization

Back 25

A phenomenon that occurs when group discussion strengthens a group's dominant point of view and produces a shift toward a more extreme decision in that direction.

Front 26

Groupthink

Back 26

A process in which members of a cohesive group emphasize concurrence at the expense of critical thinking in arriving at a decision.

Front 27

Hindsight bias

Back 27

The tendency to mold one's interpretation of the past to fit how events actually turned out.

Front 28

Illusory correlation

Back 28

A misperception that occurs when people estimate that they have encountered more confirmations of an association between social traits than they have actually seen.

Front 29

Individualism

Back 29

Putting personal goals ahead of group goals and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group memberships.

Front 30

Internal attributions

Back 30

Ascribing the causes of behavior to personal dispositions, traits, abilities, and feelings.

Front 31

Interpersonal attraction

Back 31

Positive feelings toward another.

Front 32

Intimacy

Back 32

Warmth, closeness, and sharing in a relationship.

Front 33

Lowball technique

Back 33

Getting someone to commit to an attractive proposition before revealing the hidden costs.

Front 34

Matching hypothesis

Back 34

The idea that males and females of approximately equal physical attractiveness are likely to select each other as partners.

Front 35

Message

Back 35

The information transmitted by a source.

Front 36

Obedience

Back 36

A form of compliance that occurs when people follow direct commands, usually from someone in a position of authority.

Front 37

Outgroup

Back 37

People who are not part of the ingroup.

Front 38

Passionate love

Back 38

A complete absorption in another that includes tender sexual feelings and the agony and ecstasy of intense emotion.

Front 39

Person perception

Back 39

The process of forming impressions of others.

Front 40

Prejudice

Back 40

A negative attitude held toward members of a group.

Front 41

Pressure

Back 41

Expectations or demands that one behave in a certain way.

Front 42

Receiver

Back 42

The person to whom a message is sent.

Front 43

Reciprocity

Back 43

Liking those who show that they like you.

Front 44

Reciprocity norm

Back 44

The rule that people should pay back in kind what they receive from others.

Front 45

Script

Back 45

A type of schema that organizes what people know about common activities.

Front 46

Self-serving bias

Back 46

The tendency to attribute one's successes to personal factors and one's failures to situational factors.

Front 47

Social comparison theory

Back 47

The idea that people compare themselves with others to understand and evaluate their own behavior.

Front 48

Social schemas

Back 48

Organized clusters of ideas about categories of social events and people.

Front 49

Source

Back 49

The person who sends a communication.

Front 50

Stereotypes

Back 50

Widely held beliefs that people have certain characteristics because of their membership in a particular group.