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10 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Atmosphere
a mixture of gases that surrounds Earth

its composition is Nitrogen (N) = 78 %
Oxygen (O) = 21 %

1% pollutants, CO2, Water Vapor
Air pressure
the measure of the force with which air molecules push on a
surface
- ↑ altitude (elevation) = ↓ air pressure because gravity pulls air down
- **remember the hot air rises = low pressure and
cold air sinks = high pressure
layers of Atmosphere
Troposphere - the layer we live in, where weather occurs

Stratosphere- where the ozone layer is found, which protects us from harmful UV rays

Mesosphere - middle layer, temperature decreases as altitude increases

Thermosphere - upper layer, very very high temperatures the higher you go

Ionosphere - located between the mesosphere and thermosphere, contains Nitrogen and Ogygen atoms that absorb the sun's rays and become charged particles that create the aurora borealis.
Three ways energy can be transferred in the atmosphere
convection
conduction
radiation
Radiation
electromagnetic waves transfer heat

after the sun beams heat energy down to earth, the earth heats up and re-radiates heat back out into space. That balances out the temperature so earth doesn't get too unbearably hot.
conduction
heat energy is transferred through materials

The sun's energy beams down to earth and heats up the particles in the air. those hot particles bounce around as they heat up and hit a cold object and cause their particles to get hot.
convection
the sun's energy beams down on earth and heats up the cold dense air particles causing them to heat up and rise. when the hot particles rise to the top they push down the cold air.
Green house effect
the sun's energy beams down on earth and heats up the earth. The earth radiates the heat back out into the atmosphere, but greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and water vapor trap the heat in the atmosphere. Because the heat can't escape back out into space the atmosphere over heats.
Radiation balance
When the sun's energy beams down on earth and heats earth up the earth is supposed to re-radiate those heat waves back out into space so that the earth can't over heat
Global warming
the gradual increase in average global temperatures

It happens when greenhouse gases trap heat energy in the atmosphere and the earth overheats