Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Why are systemic autoimmune diseases considered connective tissue disease?
|
They can involve blood vessels and other connective tissues!
Predominant in WOMEN |
|
|
Causes of drug-induced lupus.
|
Hydralazine
Procainamide Isoniazid D-penicillamine |
|
|
Immunocomplexes deposit in the _____ of the kidney.
|
Glomeruli
|
|
|
What immune deposits are found in mesangial lupus glomerulonephritis?
|
IgG, IgM, IgA, C3/4/1q
"Full house" |
|
|
What defines advanced sclerosing lupus nephritis?
|
Diffuse global glomerulosclerosis with >90% of glomeruli globally sclerosed
Results in renal failure |
|
|
Heart involvement in SLE
|
Pericarditis--most common
Myocarditis Libman-Sacks endocarditis |
|
|
What is Libman-Sacks endocarditis?
|
Valvular NONBACTERIAL endocarditis
|
|
|
Serosal cavity involvement in SLE
|
Pleuritis
Pericarditis--serous effusion, fibrinous exudates, fibrosis |
|
|
LE Cells
|
neutrophil or mac that has engulfed hematoxylin (LE) body--aggregate of DNA and immunoglobulin complexes
Diagnostic of SLE serosal cavity involvement |
|
|
What antibodies are specific for diagnosis of SLE?
What about for drug-induced lupus? |
Anti-dsDNA antibody
Anti-Sm (anti-Smith) antibody Anti-histone Ab for drug-induced lupus |
|
|
This condition is a symmetric disease with systemic effects.
|
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Extra-articular involvement of skin, heart, BVs, muscles, lung |
|
|
Chronic ______ is seen in rheumatoid arthritis.
|
Chronic synovitis
|
|
|
Ankylosis vs Pannus
|
Both are due to chronic synovitis in RA
Pannus: abnormal layer of fibroconnective tissue/inflammatory cells/granulation tissue covers articular cartilage, isolates it from synovial fluid Ankylosis: joint becomes fused by fibrosis/calcification; lose articular cartilage |
|
|
How does rheumatoid arthritis differ from osteoarthritis?
|
RA has inflammation, pannus, and fibrous ankylosis
Female predilection YOUNGER pts |
|
|
OAvs RA:
Ages affected Sex Joints Lymphoid infiltrate |
OA:
50-60 y/o Sex: M<45>F Joints: Oligoarthritis (not symmetric); hips, knees, Prox and distal interphalangeal joints Lymphoid infiltrate NOT prominent RA: 20-30 year olds Sex: Females Joints: small, symmetric poly arthritis; PIP Lymphoid infiltrate prominent |
|
|
What antibodies are specific for RA?
|
Rheumatoid Factor (IgM)
Anti-CCP (citrullinated peptide) Need to check both. |
|
|
Primary vs Secondary Sjogren Syndrome
|
Primary: Immune-mediated destrucion of salivary and lacrimal glands (40%)
Secondary: assocn w/other autoimmune dz--RA, SLE, scleroderma==60% |
|
|
Lymphocytic sialadenitis
|
lymphocytic infiltration of salivary glands
Seen in Sjogren syndrome Note: Bx not needed for Sjogren Syndrome |
|
|
Sjögren Syndrome:
Presentation Risks |
Dry eyes, lack of tears
Xerostomia (dry mouth), dry nose Risk of developing lymphoma |
|
|
What are the extraglandular manifestations of Sjögren syndrome?
|
Tracheobronchitis (xerotrachea)
Dysphagia Atrophic gastritis Primary Biliary Cirrhosis GM |
|
|
What antibodies are specific to Sjögren Syndrome?
|
SS-A
SS-B Not diagnostic, but helpful |
|
|
CREST Syndrome:
Subtype of? Features? |
CREST Syndrome = subtype of systemic scleroderma
Calcinosis Raynaud's Phenomenon Rsophageal dysmotility Sclerodactyly Telangiectasia |
|
|
Signs of Systemic Sclerosis
|
Chronic inflammn due to CD4+ lymphocytes
Vascular dz Diffuse sclerotic atrophy of skin (benign in fingers); spreads to face |
|
|
Effects of systemic sclerosis on skin.
|
Collagen (type I) bundles
Parallel to epidermis |
|
|
What is Raynaud phenomenon?
|
Episodic exaggerated vasoconstriction of small digital arteries (nose, skin, lips too)
Skin turns white then blue then red (painful) |
|
|
What antibodies are specific for scleroderma?
|
DNA topoisomeria I (Scl-70) for systemic scleroderma
Anticentromere for CREST syndrome |
