128-Test #3

Front 1

The central nervous system is made up of the?

Back 1

brain
Spinal cord

Front 2

the temporal area of the brain is responsible for what?

Back 2

speech

Front 3

the occipital area of the brain is responsible for what?

Back 3

vision

Front 4

what crosses the blood brain barrier

Back 4

alchol, oxygen , water, drugs

Front 5

what does not cross the blood brain barrier?

Back 5

albumin and some antibiotics

Front 6

when using the glasgow coma scale a person who has no response when asked to open eyes would get what rating?

Back 6

1 = no response

Front 7

a person who is oriented to time, place and person would receive what rating on the GCScale

Back 7

5

Front 8

a score of above 8 on the GCScale would be considered what?

Back 8

good prognosis

Front 9

a score of 4 on the GCScale would be considered what?

Back 9

hi mortality

Front 10

a score of 3-7 on the GCScale would be considered what?

Back 10

coma

Front 11

in general this test is not done due to the danger of herniation?

Back 11

lumbar puncture

Front 12

increased intracranial pressure is due to what?

Back 12

incease in blood, CSF, or swelling of the brain tissue or tumors

Front 13

some causes of ICP are:

Back 13

trauma, hemorrhage, edema, inflammation

Front 14

This impedes cerebral circulation, absorption of csf and function of nerve cells.

Back 14

Increased pressure

Front 15

ability of the brain to alter the diameter of the vessles to maintain a constant blood flow of oxygen and glucose to its tissue

Back 15

autoregulation

Front 16

What happends to autoregulation during ICP

Back 16

It is lost

Front 17

factors that make icp worse

Back 17

coughing, vomiting, sneezing,
isometric muscle contractions
increase in PCO2
decrease in PO2

Front 18

What is the most sensitvie indication of increasing intracranial pressure?

Back 18

Level of consciousness

Front 19

fixed dilated pupil is ominous sign of what?

Back 19

ICP

Front 20

what meds are used to treat ICP

Back 20

steroids (decadron)
diuretics (lasix)

Front 21

how does steriods help icp

Back 21

decerase cerebral edema buy their anti-inflammatory effect. decrease leaking of fluids into tissues

Front 22

early signs of icp are what?

Back 22

dec loc
restlessness
headache
pupil changes

Front 23

late signs of icp are what?

Back 23

decreased loc
inc bp
dec p
dec respirations
fever vomit posturing

Front 24

what is the goal for ICP

Back 24

decrese pressure by maintaining adewuate blood flow with adequate oxygenation and glucose and reduction of the buildup of carbon dioxide

Front 25

what medication is contraindicated due to its masking of changes in neurological status?

Back 25

morphine

Front 26

decrease body's metabolism so oxygen demand by the brain is decreased, thus preserving cell life?

Back 26

barbiturate coma

Front 27

pavolon, and norcuran are what?

Back 27

paralyzing agents

Front 28

- good pulmonary toilet
- daily i/o
-maintain skin integrity
are interventions for who?

Back 28

a comatose client

Front 29

how to maintain skin integrity for a coma tose person:

Back 29

dry wrinkle fre bed clothes
frequent repositioning
relieve pressure- different types of mattresses

Front 30

interventions for the confused client with decreased memory

Back 30

repetition
wrtiien memory aids
small steps - simple to complex

Front 31

the nursing diagnosis for a person who is aphasic would be?

Back 31

alteration in communication related to aphasia, dysarthia

Front 32

with an aphasica client , asses function which is expressive is also called what?

Back 32

Broca's

Front 33

with an aphasica client , asses function which is receptive is also called what?

Back 33

wernicke

Front 34

interventions for a aphasic client would be what?

Back 34

use alphabet or picture board
treat client as adult
present one thought or idea at a time
yes no questions

Front 35

nursing diagnosis of the dysphagic client is?

Back 35

alterations in nutrition

Front 36

what type of foods are easiest to swallow in a person who is dysphagic

Back 36

semisolid
jello custard, mashed potatoes, ice cream

Front 37

some concerns for the client who is immoble would be?

Back 37

pneumonia,
dvt
fecal impaction
uti
skin breakdown

Front 38

nursing diagnosis for an incontinent client would be

Back 38

alteration in elimination

Front 39

what method is used with bladder training?

Back 39

Crede method

Front 40

what medications are used for the flaccid bladder?

Back 40

urecholine

Front 41

what medications are used for a client with spastic bladder?

Back 41

ditropan, pro-banthine

Front 42

seizure whos signs are muscle contraction and relaxation?

Back 42

Clonic

Front 43

seizure whos signs are breif jerking, stiffening

Back 43

myoclonic

Front 44

seizure whos signs are sudden loss of muscle tone?

Back 44

atonic (drop)

Front 45

seizure common in children, staring, breif loss of consciousness

Back 45

absence ( petit mal )

Front 46

called grand mal seizure

Back 46

tonic-clonic seizure

Front 47

how long does the tonic clonic seizure last

Back 47

1-5 minutes

Front 48

cry out, jaws clamp shut, body stiffens, body jerks, loss of consciousness

Back 48

Tonic-clonic seizures

Front 49

this type of seuzures occur in the focal area of the brain

Back 49

partial seizures

Front 50

this seizure includes loss of consciousness, lip smacking patting, picking, post seizure amnesia

Back 50

comlex partial seizure

Front 51

this seizure includes no loss of consciousness, aura, unilateral movements, sensory, autonomic symptoms such as dry mouth or drooling

Back 51

simple partial seizure

Front 52

seuzure activity lasting thirty mnutes or more without regaining consciousness

Back 52

status epilepticus

Front 53

what meds are given to a patient who is status epilepticus?

Back 53

iv valium (ativan or depacon, followed by dilantin

Front 54

major diagnostic test for seizures is

Back 54

eeg

Front 55

removal of this with people who have intaractable seizures?

Back 55

epileptic focus

Front 56

inflammation of the arachnoid and pia mater of the brain and spinal cord and cerbrospinal fluid

Back 56

Meningitis

Front 57

more serious of bacterial or viral meningitis

Back 57

Bacterial

Front 58

assessment of meningitis includes

Back 58

rigidity
icp
vascular dysfunction
csf analysis

Front 59

inflammationi of brain tissure, mostly viral cause

Back 59

encephalitis

Front 60

fever, stiff neck, loc changes
focal deficits, increased icp, tremors, seizures

Back 60

encephalitis

Front 61

this disease is mainly found with clients over 50, rare in blacks, not genetic, no cure

Back 61

Parkinsons

Front 62

loss in ability to refine and control voluntary movement.

Back 62

parkinsons

Front 63

begins unilateral, with mild tremor, slight limp and progresses

Back 63

parkinsons

Front 64

results in stooped posture, masked face, drooling difficulty in balance, dysphagia, blinking

Back 64

bradykinesia

Front 65

shuffling gait, speech changes

Back 65

parkinsons

Front 66

increase dopamine and decrease acetylchonline for what disease

Back 66

parkinson

Front 67

thermocoagulation of brain cells to decrease tremors in people with parkinsons is called

Back 67

thalamotomy

Front 68

majore nursing diagnoses with parkinsons is?

Back 68

impaired physical mobility

Front 69

a progressive, deilitation, fatal neurological disease

Back 69

alzheimers

Front 70

early warning signs of alzheimers

Back 70

memory loss
not remembering
disorientaion of time and place
los of initative
mood changes

Front 71

neurofibrillary tangles,
neuritic plaques,
and excessive loss of neurons are structural changes in the brain causing what?

Back 71

alzheimers

Front 72

to diagnosis alzheimers you do these tests

Back 72

eeg, blood chemistries, ct scans, but only sure after death with autopsy

Front 73

common meds for alzheimers

Back 73

reminyl