12/1/08 Autonomic Pharmacology Jacobus Utcom

Front 1

describe the synthesis of ACh

Back 1

choline is taken up extracellularly via specific channels. it reacts with intracellular AcetylCoA to make ACh

Front 2

what inhibits choline uptake channels?

Back 2

hemicholiniums

Front 3

what inhibits the vesicular storage of ACh?

Back 3

vesamicol

Front 4

What inhibits the release of ACh into synaptic cleft?

Back 4

botulinum toxin, binds VAMP and won't allow the VAMP to bind SNAP

Front 5

what inhibits the binding of ACh to its receptor?

Back 5

atropine

Front 6

what inhibits AChEsterase?

Back 6

organophosphates (irreversibly)
physostigmine, neostigmine, edrophonium (reversibly)

Front 7

types of nicotinic receptors?

Back 7

Nm and Nn, at the neuromuscular junction and autonomic ganglia, respectively

Front 8

types of muscarinic receptors? what are their effects?

Back 8

M1, M3, M5 - PLC activity -> increase IP3 and DAG -> Ca and PKC
alpha 1 also acts similarly for adrenergics
M2, M4 - inhibits adenylyl cyclase - decreases cAMP. (also alpha 2, and D2 D3 D4)

Front 9

what tissues do nicotinic vs muscarinic activate best?

Back 9

N - ganglia and NMJ
M - heart mm and SMC and glands

Front 10

describe the structure of muscarinic and nicotinic receptors

Back 10

N - multiple subunits of separate proteins - leads to Na influx
M - one protein, 7 transmembrane domains - G-prot coupled

Front 11

describe the structure of an adrenergic receptor?

Back 11

7 transmembrane domains - G-prot coupled receptor

Front 12

describe the different classes of adrenergic receptors, and their main effects

Back 12

-Beta (1, 2, 3) (also D1) - stimulate adenylyl cyclase -> increase [cAMP]
-alpha1 - stimulate PLC
-alpha2 - inhibit adenylyl cyclase

Front 13

all sympathetic post-ganglionic signals are adrenergic. T/F

Back 13

false. sympathetics use cholinergic signals for eccrine sweat glands and some sk. mm. SMC

Front 14

glandular tissue autonomics:
alpha on lacrimal gland:
M2, M3 on lacrimal gland:

Back 14

alpha - secretion+
M2, M3 - secretion+++

Front 15

autonomics - difs w/in heart regarding Beta1 vs Beta2

Back 15

beta 1 - more for increasing rates in SA or AV nodes
beta 2 - more for inotropic effects in myocytes

Front 16

glandular tissue autonomics:
alpha on bronchial glands:
beta on bronchial gland:
M2, M3 on bronchial glands

Back 16

alpha - decrease secretion
beta - increase secretion
M2, M3 - increase secretion

Front 17

"glandular" tissue autonomics:
alpha2 on GI secretion:
M2, M3 on GI secretion:

Back 17

alpha2 - decrease secretion
M2, M3 - increase secretion

Front 18

what type of receptors will decrease vein capacitance/compliance and how? what type of receptors are on veins?

Back 18

alpha receptors on vein-SMC lead to SMC contraction, moving blood out, thus decreased capacitance/compliance. veins have alpha-Rs. vein SMC, as any other blood vessels, don't have parasympa-Rs.

Front 19

endothelium has sympa receptors? parasympa receptors? what are the effects

Back 19

sympa - no
parasympa - yes, M3 receptors, leads to NO synthesis

Front 20

glandular tissue autonomics:
alpha1 on salivary glands:
M2, M3 on salivary glands:

Back 20

alpha1 - secretion+
M2, M3 - secretion+++

Front 21

sweat glands - describe the autonomic differences

Back 21

-apocrine are innervated by adrenergic
-eccrine are innervated by cholinergic
-cholinergic is dominant tone