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38 Cards in this Set

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Where do the cranial nerves originate?

The inferior surface of the brain

Cranial nerves are part of the Peripheral Nervous System. True or False.

True. The 12 cranial nerves and the 31 pairs of spinal nerves make up the PNS.

Sensory nerve conveys impulses related to smell with a degeneration rate of 1% per year.

CN 1 - Olfactory nerve

Bilateral anosmia

Disease of olfactory mucosa or the common cold therefore causing an Inability to smell

disease affecting the olfactory nerve, fractured of the crib inform plate, cerebral rumors of the frontal love which cause an inability to smell.

Unilateral anosmia

Sensory nerve conveys impulses related to vision. Injury to any part of optic pathway results in visual loss

CN II Optic nerve

Most common lesion affecting the optic chiasm

Pituitary tumor


Grows superiorly and Compresses nerve fibers in the chiasm

Motor nerve that originates from the midbrain.

CN III Oculomotor nerve

Superior rectus, medial rectus, inferior rectus, and inferior oblique muscles of the eye are all inervated by which cranial nerve?

CN III Oculomotor nerve

Compression of nerve may cause pupil(s) to remain dialated. Upper eyelid droops.

3rd Nerve Palsy

Motor nerve, smallest of 12 cranial nerves. In torsion, depression and abduction of the eyeball. Supplies the superior oblique muscle.

CN IV Trochlear nerve

Motor and sensory nerve. Largest of Cranial nerves.

CN V Trigeminal nerve

Name the first branch of CN V Trigeminal nerve

Ophthalmic branch CN V1 - supra orbital fissure wholly sensory

Name the 2nd branch of CN V Trigeminal nerve

Maxillary branch CN V2 - for amen rotundum wholly sensory

Name the 3rd branch of CN V Trigeminal nerve

Mandibular branch CN V3 - foramen ovale, motor and sensory

Wounds to the upper lip/ upper incisors may cause this. Anesthetic passing through orbit may cause temporary paralysis of extrinsic eyeball.



CN V2 and CN V3 commonly assoc. with dental caity pain

Infra orbital block

Dentists anesthetize this nerve before repairing or removing mandibular teeth. Lingual is used as a landmark. Which nerve is this?

Inferior alveolar nerve

Periodically severe stabbing pain. May last as long as 20 second intervals. Trigger points at lips, tongue, gums.

Trigeminal neuralgia CN V2/3

Supplies lateral rectus muscle which abducts the eye (moves away from midline)

CN VI Abducens nerve

An inability to direct the eye laterally

Stabismus, convergent squint or "cross eyes"

Which nerve emerges from brainstorm and enters the external acoustic meatus of the petro is portion if the temporal bone.

CN VII Facial nerve

Which nerve exits the facial canal via stylomastoid foramen then enters the parotid gland; dividing into 5 branches?

CN VII Facial nerve

What are the 5 branches of CN VII?

Temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular and cervical

Taste portion of 2/3 of anterior tongue. Inervates the submandibular, sublingual and lacrimal glands

Sensory root (nervus intermedius)

Lesions of this nerve result in


- facial paralysis


- decreased salivation and lacrimation


- loss of taste sensation


- hearing sensitivity (stapedius no longer dampens sound therefore acute hearing)

CN VII Facial nerve causing facial paralysis

What is the name of the 8th cranial nerve (CN VIII)?

Vestibulocochlear nerve

What are the 2 branches of the CN VIII?

Cochlear - auditory


Vestibular - equilibrium

What is tinnitus?

Damage to the cochlear branch resulting in deafness.

The condition to the vestibular nerve causing a sensation of spinning or whirling making a person dizzy is called what?

Vertigo

What is an acoustic neuroma?

Intracranial tumors which develop on the vestibulocochlear nerve.

This nerve is a mixed nerve.


The motor portion supplies the stylopharyngeus muscle and parasympathetic fibers supply the parotid gland (mediates secretion of saliva)

CN IX Glossopharyngeal nerve

The sensory portion of this nerve supplies the pharynx and taste buds of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue

CN IX Glossopharyngeal nerve

Damage to this nerve results in difficulty swallowing, decreased saliva and loss of taste.

CN IX Glossopharyngeal nerve

The gag reflex checks the function of this nerve.

This nerve is widely distributed from the head and neck into the thorax and abdomen.

CN X Vagus nerve

Name the places that the vagus nerve terminates in the body.

An almost wandering nerve, CN X terminates in the muscles of the:


-heart


- respiratory passage


- esophagus


- stomach


- small/large intestine


- gallbladder


- liver

Motor portion conveys motor impulses to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle. Which nerve is it?

The CN XI Accessory nerve

What is the name of the nerve in which the Motor portion supplies the muscles of the tongue

CN XII Hypoglossal nerve

How many cranial nerves are there?

12