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90 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When blood is flowing up the aorta their is an opening that the blood flows through, what is it's name?
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Aortic antrum
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when the blood flows from the aortic antrum where does it go?
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coranry arteries
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after the blood flows from the coronary arteries, what does the blood do?
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it feeds the muscles
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does the coronary arteries have a lot of bends in them?
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yes
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when the red and white blood cells travel through the arteries do they hit the walls? Why?
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seldom if ever.
They travel at a certain speed that pervents them from hitting the wall. |
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What happens when the speed is increased that the RBC and WBC travel?
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They begen to hit the walls of the arteries.
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what is endothelium?
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The inner lining of an artery
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Is endothemlium sticky? explain.
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no, its less sticky then teflon.
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What happens if the endothemlium lining is scratched?
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everything sticks to it.
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what is under the endothemlium lining? What happens to it when the lining is scratched?
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a connective tissue layer.
It pokes through into the blood vessel. |
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Which arteries have a higher concentration of fat in them, then any other artery in the body?
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coronary arteries
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what does fat do in the arteriers after we eat it?
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it accumulates in the arteries in a globs of fat. Then its moved to the lymphatic system.
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What does the lymphatic system do with the fat?
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it dumps into the subclavin vein.
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When the subclaven has the faty blood what does it do with it?
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it dumps in to the right side of the heart, then it goes to the coronary artery
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what skicks to the lining of the arteries? why?
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fat, because fat goes through the coronary artery.
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what three things can stick to the artery wall, when their is a break or scratch in it? What does this cause?
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Fat, plattets, cholesterol
artery becomes clogged. |
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when an artery becomes clogged, what is the name of this build up?
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plaque in the arteries
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which artery does plaque build up the most in? why?
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Coronary arteries of the heart, because the fat goes through this artery.
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what are the two ways to cause erosion of the endothilum lining?
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1)speed up the blood flow (heart pumps faster/ heart rate goes up)
2. clamp down on the blood vessel, squeeze the muscle |
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How does clamping down on a blood vessel cause erosion?
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The constriction makes the RBC and WBC hit the lining of the arteries, causing them to scratch the lining.
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what two receptors are found on the smooth muscle of the arteries? what does this cause?
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Epi and nicotine
contraction |
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what Pharmaceutical drug can cause vasoconstriction?
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viagra
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what outside influence can cause vasoconstriction? explain why?
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stress, caffeine, (they release Epinephrine) nicotine directly causes vasoconstriction.
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When the lining of the arteries get smaller, why is this a concern?
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it can cause erosion of the lining, that leads to plaque.
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what is the bridge called that a doctor will put in a patein that has plaque?
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A collateral
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when a person has a collateral, is the artery the same size, as the artery before the coateral?
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No, they get smaller and smaller.
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how many collaterals can a person have for each clog?
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up to ten
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What is the major perpose of a collateral?
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to route the blood flow around the clog.
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what happends to the muscle that the heart feeds when a collateral is built? why?
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the blood flow is redirected, now the muscle dies where the clog is. Theres no food.
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what direction does the ventercial squeeze in?
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upward
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after the ventricles squeeze the blood in, what happens when the way of contraction hits the clog area?
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it is will not continue in that area.
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what happens when their is a large area that is dead in the heart? what is thai called?
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you can't squeeze the blood out of the heart.
major heart attack aka |
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if there is a small area in the heart that is dead what happends? What is this called
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the heart can still contract, and squeeze the blood in and out.
minnor heart attact |
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when a persons has a major or minnor heart attact what is this referred to as?
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myocardial infarction (MI)
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what does the word myocardial infarcation mean?
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myo= muscle
cardial= heart infarct= block contraction can not continue |
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what does the body do to help when their is a clog in the arteries in the the heart? what does this cause?
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make collaterals
heart attacts because the muscle dies. |
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what is a angioplasty?
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a wire is inserted into the brekeral artery or fermoral artery to the aorta, ou the aortic antrum to coronary arteries to blow clog out?
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what is the danger of angioplasty?
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the clog can in up in the brian, lungs or heart. cna cause death. The artery can explode.
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what is the reason people die when they have surgery?
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the stress cause cortisol levels to rise, cause immune system to drop, causing immuniodeficiencies.
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For most people how does the heart sit in the chest cavity? what is this called?
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deviation to left
left axis deviation |
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if a person is really tall how does that persons heart sit?
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stright down the middle
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If a person is really short, or pregenat, or obese, how does that persons heart sit? what is this called?
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deviation to the right
right axis deviation |
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is there a difference in on a tree lead EKG on a left Vs. right axis deviation
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yes the right is upside down
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what is the names of the vessels bring blood to the right atrium of the heart?
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superior vena cava
Inferior vena cava |
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What is the superior and inferior vena cava bringing into the heart?
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deoxygenated blood
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What does deoxygenated blood mean?
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The RBC have dumped it oxygen off, to feed the tissues.
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what is the irom refered to on the blood?
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heme
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what is the protein refered to on the blood?
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globin
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What does deoxygenated blood mean?
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The RBC have dumped it oxygen off, to feed the tissues.
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what is the irom refered to on the blood?
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heme
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what does oxygen bind to in the blood?
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the heme group
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What does deoxygenated blood mean?
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The RBC have dumped it oxygen off, to feed the tissues.
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what is the protein refered to on the blood?
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globin
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what does oxygen bind to in the blood?
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the heme group
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if you have one oxygen bound to the heme group how saturated is it? Two, three or four bound?
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25 %
50% 75% 100% |
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what is the irom refered to on the blood?
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heme
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if you have one oxygen bound to the heme group how saturated is it? Two, three or four bound?
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25 %
50% 75% 100% |
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what does a 66% saturation level tell you?
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that the person doesn't have 34% bound to oxygen. Its is really bad.
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what is the protein refered to on the blood?
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globin
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what does a 66% saturation level tell you?
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that the person doesn't have 34% bound to oxygen. Its is really bad.
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Once the RBC moves through the body it will dump its oxygen, does it dump all of it? explain
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no, it keeps a 40% reserve in case of emergancy. example under water and cant breath.
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How long can the 40% oxygen reserve keep use a live if we can't breath?
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5 min.
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Once the RBC moves through the body it will dump its oxygen, does it dump all of it? explain
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no, it keeps a 40% reserve in case of emergancy. example under water and cant breath.
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what does oxygen bind to in the blood?
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the heme group
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what cause brain danage after five min. with out oxygen?
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no ATP, neuron don't have ATP for Na+ K+ gates and they start to die off.
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if you have one oxygen bound to the heme group how saturated is it? Two, three or four bound?
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25 %
50% 75% 100% |
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How long can the 40% oxygen reserve keep use a live if we can't breath?
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5 min.
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Does deoxygenated blood mean zero oxygen?
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no
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what does a 66% saturation level tell you?
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that the person doesn't have 34% bound to oxygen. Its is really bad.
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what is the value called in the right atria?
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tricuspid right atrial venticaula valve
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what cause brain danage after five min. with out oxygen?
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no ATP, neuron don't have ATP for Na+ K+ gates and they start to die off.
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Once the RBC moves through the body it will dump its oxygen, does it dump all of it? explain
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no, it keeps a 40% reserve in case of emergancy. example under water and cant breath.
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How does blood go from the right atria to the right ventrical?
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through the valve do to gravity.
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How long can the 40% oxygen reserve keep use a live if we can't breath?
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5 min.
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Does deoxygenated blood mean zero oxygen?
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no
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what cause brain danage after five min. with out oxygen?
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no ATP, neuron don't have ATP for Na+ K+ gates and they start to die off.
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what are the muscles called on the tricuspid?
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papillary muscles
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what is the value called in the right atria?
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tricuspid right atrial venticaula valve
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Does deoxygenated blood mean zero oxygen?
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no
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what is the connective tissue called that attached the papillary muscles to the tricuspid?
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chordae tendiae
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How does blood go from the right atria to the right ventrical?
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through the valve do to gravity.
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what is the value called in the right atria?
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tricuspid right atrial vena cava valve
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when the ventrical is filling up what does this cause?
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the artia will squeeze downward, causing the valve to snap shut.
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what are the muscles called on the tricuspid?
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papillary muscles
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How does blood go from the right atria to the right ventrical?
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through the valve do to gravity.
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what are the muscles called on the tricuspid?
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papillary muscles
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what is the connective tissue called that attached the papillary muscles to the tricuspid?
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chordae tendiae
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what is the connective tissue called that attached the papillary muscles to the tricuspid?
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chordae tendiae
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when the ventrical is filling up what does this cause?
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the artia will squeeze downward, causing the valve to snap shut.
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when the ventrical is filling up what does this cause?
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the artia will squeeze downward, causing the valve to snap shut.
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