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86 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Describe a chemical NATO marker

Yellow background with
red letters
Describe a biological NATO marker
Blue background with
red letters
Describe a radiological NATO marker
White background with
black letters
Describe a chemical mine field NATO marker
Red background
yellow lettering / stripe
(Chemical agent in mine and date of placement)
What are the different means to sound the NBC alarm
Vocal
Percussion
Visual
What does NATO stand for?
-North Atlantic Treaty Organization
What is the first step on recieving the command or detecting a presence of contamination
Stop breathing, close mouth and eyes
What is the purpose of M9 detector tape
detect presence of CHEMICAL agent
What does the M40 field mask consist of?
-Face blank
-Filter canister (used to cleanse contaminated air)
-dual voicemitter assemblies
-inlet and outlet valves
-water drinking system
If the M9 tape is contaminated it will turn what color
Pink
What is the vocal CBRN alarm?
-gas, gas, gas
What is the pupose of M8 detector tape
detect presence of a SPECIFIC chemical agent
The mask should be donned, cleared, and sealed within how many seconds?
An additional _________seconds to put the hood in place.
-9
-6
Total of 15 secs
If the M8 paper turns yellow/gold what is the contaminating agent
G- Nerve
If the M8 detector tape turns Dark Green what is the contaminating agent
V - Nerve
If the M8 detector tape turns a Pink or Dark Red what is the contaminating agent
H- Blister
What does the acronym MOPP stand for
Mission Oriented Protective Posture
How many MOPP levels are there
MOPP Ready then level 0-4
Describe MOPP level (0)
Having all gear available but not wearing it
Describe MOPP level (1)
Overgarment is worn open or closed
booties, gloves, and mask are carried
What is the disadvantage of M8 and M9 paper?
-Their inability to detect vapors
-Limited number of agents detected
Describe MOPP level (2)
Overgarment is worn open or closed
booties worn
gloves and mask is carried
How is M9 paper used? What is it's purpose?
-Comes in a roll and is taped around the ankles, wrist and biceps, and on the exterior of protective clothing.
-Purpose is to detect the presence of CHEMICAL AGENTS, but will not identify them.
Describe MOPP level (3)
Overgarment is worn open or closed
booties and mask worn
gloves carried
Describe MOPP level (4)
Overgarment is worn closed
booties, gloves, and mask worn
What are considered levels of decontamination
Immediate
Operational
Thorough
What is the purpose of M8 detector paper?
-Comes with field protective mask or M256A1 chemical agent detector.
-Used primarily on suspected liquid forms.
What do the following colors mean on M8 detector paper?
-Yellow/Gold
-Dark green
-Pink/Red
-Yellow/Gold: Series G, Nerve
-Dark green: Series V, Nerve
-Pink/Red: Series H, Blister
Describe Immediate decontamination
Skin should be decontaminated before one minute
Describe Operational decontamination
MOPP gear exchange within 6 hrs
What are the three immediate decon techniques?
-Skin decon
-Operator's spray down
-Personnel wipe down
Describe Thorough decontamination
Detailed deconamination of equipment when the mission allows
What are the two operational decon techniques?
-Vehicle wash down
-MOPP gear exchange
What are the three thorough decon techniques?
-detailed TROOP decon
-detailed EQUIPMENT decon
-detailed AIRCRAFT decon
During Nuclear blast, immediately drop face _______ remain there for ______ seconds.
-down, with head toward the blast
-90 seconds
Nerve agents produce their effects by ___________>>>>
-cholinesterase inhibitors
-interfering with normal transmission of nerve impulses in the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system.
Color and smell of nerve agents?
-colorless, odorless
S/S of nerve agent exposure?
-pinpoint pupils
-Local muscular twitching
-convulsions

-diarrhea and vomiting
-rhinorrhea, hypersalivation

-dyspnea
-drowsiness, unconsciousness, and coma.
Treatment for nerve agent exposure?
-Atropine 2 mg
-2-PAM Cl 600 mg
For medical personnel, the frequency of administration of atropine for nerve agent exposure is what?
-in 15 minute intervals until mild atropinization occurs. Noted by tachycardia and dry mouth
Navy and Marine Corps personnel are issued what for nerve agent exposure?
-three 2mg auto injectors of atropine
-three 600mg auto injectors of 2 PAM cl
Steps if mild nerve agent exposure is experienced:
-Immediately hold breath and don mask
-Administer one set of Atropine and 2PAM cl into lateral thigh or buttocks
-wait 10-15 minutes for second, 15 minutes for third injections
Hold the atropine autoinjector firmly in place for at least ________ seconds.
10
If you encounter someone with severe nerve agent exposure, what are steps?
-Rapid succession of 3 sets of nerve agent antidotes.
-300 mg/2-PAM CL
-2 MG Atropine
Three common blister agents are what?
-Mustard (HD)
-Nitrogen Mustard (HN)
-Lewisites (L)
How long do mustards take to manifest their symptoms?
What part of the body do they attack?
Treatment?
-Several hours after exposure
-Eyes and respiratory tract as well as the skin
-Supportive
How are HD and HN identified?
-oily, colorless or pale yellow liquids
First noticeable symptoms of mustard exposure:
-Pain and gritty feeling in the eyes
Blistering from MUSTARD exposure begins in _____ hours but may be delayed for up to _______ hours.
12
48
Frequent complication of mustard exposure:
Primary cause of death?
-Bronchopneumonia
-massive edema or pulmonary obstruction
Lewisite is an _________. Idenification is ________
-Arsenical
-Light to dark brown liquid that vaporizes slowly
Lewisites cause ________ upon contact.
-Intense pain.
What is the treatment for Lewisites?
-Immediately decontaminate the eyes with water
-SODIUM SULFACETAMIDE used within 24 hrs for eye infection
-For systemic involvement British Anti-Lewisite (BAL) 3mg
How do blood agents work?
-INTERFERE with ENZYME functions of the body,
BLOCK OXYGEN transfer.
What are two blood agents?
-AC Hydrocyanic Acid
-CK Cyanic Chloride
What are the s/s of blood agent exposure? very serious
-forceful increase of respirations
-violent convulsions after 20-30 SECONDS
-heart and respiratory failure within a few minutes
Treatment for blood agents.
-amyl nitrate in crush ampules (up to 8)
-IV sodium thiosulfate (100-200mg over 9 min)
Maximum amount of amyl nitrate ampules?
8
Required dose of sodium thiosulfate for blood agents
-100 to 200 mg IV over 9 minutes
Effect of choking agents on the body?
-extensive damage to alveolar tissue causing pulmonary edema.
What are some choking agents?
-Phosgene (CG)
-Chlorine (Cl)
-Chloropicrin
-Diphosgene (DP)
What is the most likely choking agent to be encountered?
-Phosgene (CG)
How is CG Phosgene identified? What does it look like? Smell like?
-colorless gas
-smells like new mown hay or cut grass
Early S/S of choking agent:
-watering of eyes
-coughing
-feeling of tightness in chest
For choking agents, there will be no s/s _______ hours after exposure.
2 to 6 hours
Late s/s of choking agent exposure:
-rapid, shallow labored breathing
-painful cough
-cyanosis
-frothy sputum

clammy skin
-rapid pulse, low blood pressure
shock then death
Treatment of choking agent exposure:
-No treatment, symptomatic
-Complete bed rest
-Keep victim with lung edema moderately warm
-Oxygen therapy
Incapacitating agents are comprised of __________, they produce ________.
-psychochemicals
-mental confusion and inability to function intelligently.
First symptoms of incapacitating agents occur within _______ minutes and last ________
-30 minutes and may persist for several days
The standard incapacitating agent is ___________.
-3-quinuclidinyl benzilate (BZ)
-cholinergic blocking agent
S/S of incapacitating agents
-dizziness
-drowsiness
-dry skin
-dry mouth
-difficulty swallowing
-decreased alertness

-increased heart rate, pupil size, and skin temperature
-muscular un-coordination
Treatment of incapacitating agents
-Prevent patient from harming themselves or others
-PHYSOSTIGMINE; not effective during first four hours, treatment must be continued
Four types of riot control/harassing agents:
-Lacrimators
-Vomiting agents
-Screening smoke
-White phosphorus
Two types of lacrimators:
-chloracetophenone (CN)
-orthochlorobenzilidine (CS)
Which is more potent, CS or CN?
-CS; used for riot control
(CN is used for training)
Duration of lacrimators:
-seldom last over 2 hours
-moderate exposure lasts a few minutes
What are three types of vomiting agents?
-Adamsite (DM)
-diphenylchlorarsine (DA)
-dyphenalcyanoarsine (DC)
How can you identify vomiting agents?
-strong pepper-like irritation in upper respiratory tract
-eye irritation and lacrimation
Identification of white phophorus (WP)
-pale, waxy solid that ignites on contact with air.that give hot dense white smoke composed of PHOSPHORUS PENTOXIDE particles.
Treatment of White phosphorus smoke:
-burning particles on skin covered with water, wet cloth, or mud.
-0.5 solution of COPPER SULFATE used as a rinse but not used as a dressing.
How are phosphorus particles removed?
-Surgically
BZ, (3-quinuclidinyl benzilate) and other agents in this class are compounds known as _______. The drug trreatment of choice is ________.
-glycolates
-physostigmine
If you notice a sudden stimulation of breathing and an ALMOND-LIKE odor, what should you suspect?
-Cyanide containing compounds known as BLOOD AGENTS
____ is less volatile and more persistant that ______ but both have the same blistering effects.
HN-Nitrogen Mustard
HD-Mustard
Effects of these agents are produced mainly by altering or disrupting the higher regulatory activity of the central nervous system.
-Incapacitating agents
Recovery from vomiting agents is usually spontaneous and complete within _____ to _____ hrs.
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