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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What factors contributed to demise of snakes and salamanders in suburban areas?
What type of species? Ponds, water table? chemical changes? Habitat encroachment? redbacked and fowler's toad spadefoot brown snake |
species of herpetozoans with more specialized complex requirements most sensitive of urbanization
Eliminated or disrupted breeding ponds (drained/filled for construction) Ground pumping system for drinking water that lowers water table pollutants altered pH of rainwater (more acidic) to prevent eggs from hatching road parallel to stream, pool on spring hole site redbacked salamander does not need complex environment, fowler's toad thriving through man bmade sites spadefoot disappearing due to sandy soil disappearing under concrete and macadam, territorial spacing of individuals snake - minimal number of individuals, more cluttered city lots swmaplands disappeared for eastern ribbon snakes |
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Design features to minimize impacts?
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elevated boardwalk, platforms, damming for certain species
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Five classes of vegetation parameters in McBride
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1. Amenity
2. Economic 3. Ecological parameter 4. Scientific 5. Human safety |
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Which 2 bioevolutionary theories explain contemporary landscape preference
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1. prospect refuge theory - Appleton. Savanna has right balance of trees and open areas where we can see without being seen
2. habitat theories - humans prefer edge environments because of plant and animal diversity for food shelter |
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What structural attributes are linked to aesthetic preference for forest savanna?
age structure - vertical structure - horizontal distribution tree form |
mature trees, homogenous age
high overstory canopy without any significant middlestory open - 40-65 mature trees per acre even distribution of trees, no clumping. distributions that create openings in forest canopy forest trees with greater forking, along with straight boled trees - horizontal branching |
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What 5 variables were studied in the habitat fragmentation study?
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1. area
2. perimeter 3. isolation 4. age 5. presence of water |
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What are the effects of fragmentation on native species richness?
-with larger area? -with more recent ioslation -altered microclimates and disrupted fire regimes |
larger area - more native plants (higher richness, less fragmented)
more recent isolation - more natives (natives lost from canyons as they age) fire elimination reduces plant diversity, shifts community |
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Effects of fragmentation on invasive species?
current extent of coastal scrub |
longer perimeter
higher age (not significant) predictable water supply (plant owners along slopes - disturbance by removal of natives) ornamentals canot reproduce in canyons age = smaller number natives, bigger exotics discounted comptetive displacement 10-15% of former range |
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What are stormwater management practices
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1. reduction of impervious surfaces
2. use of detntion, retntion, and runoff measures 3. maintain predvelopment time of concentration 4. implement public education programs to encourage use of pollution prevention measures |
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What is a vegetated swale?
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cell with dense vegetation that retains and filters the first flush of runoff from impervious surfaces
acts as conveyance structure to bioretention cell, wetland, or infiltration area |
