11 26 Northern Song: Part I

Front 1

唐宋八大家
Tang Song Badajia

Back 1

Eight Prose Masters of the Tang and Song. The most admired poets from this period.
- Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan, from the Tang.
- Song masters: Ouyang Xiu, Wang Anshi, the three Sus (Su Xun and his two sons Su Che and Su Shi), and Zeng Gong.

Front 2

嚴羽
Yan Yu

Back 2

13th c. composer of the 滄浪詩話 Canglang shihua, in which he denounced Song poets for showing too much forced cleverness

Front 3

滄浪詩話
Canglang shihua

Back 3

13th c. work composed by 嚴羽
Yan Yu, in which he denounced Song poets for showing too much forced cleverness

Front 4

程頤
Cheng Yi

Back 4

Daoxue radical of the 11th c. who believed that "wen" harmed the way

Front 5

吟窗雜錄
Yinchuang zalu

Back 5

Northern Song record of various kinds of technical poetics of old genres of literary thought

Front 6

筆記
Biji

Back 6

"Random notes" which as a genre became more common in the Northern Song and often touched on questions of literature

Front 7

詩話
Shihua

Back 7

Ouyang Xiu's (11 c.) "Remarks on Poetry," which led to imitation and became a genre during the Northern Song

Front 8

尺牘
Chidu

Back 8

"Informal letters." Preserved during the Northern Song for the sake of calligraphy, but often containing interesting comments on literature

Front 9

五臣注
Wuchen zhu

Back 9

"Five Minister's commentary to the 'Wen xuan.'" Presented to throne in 8th c. Important example of literary commentary.

Front 10

文以載道
Wen yi zai dao

Back 10

"Literature should be a vehicle for the Way." Statement by Daoxue master Zhou Dunyi 周敦頤 (11 c.), who questioned the purpose of poetry.

Front 11

議論
Yilun

Back 11

"Making an argument." By the Southern Song, a mode of discorse considered as a positive value by Zhu Xi.

Front 12

李昉
Li Fang

Back 12

10th c. senior scholar who served as the nominal editor for three of the Si Dashu 四大書: Taiping guangji 太平廣記, Taiping yulan 太平御覽, Wenyuan yinghua 文苑英華

Front 13

太平廣記
Taiping guangji

Back 13

Earliest of the Si Dashu 四大書 (compiled 10th c.), included anecdotes and stories under a variety of headings.

Front 14

太平御覽
Taiping yulan

Back 14

Second of the Si Dashu 四大書 (compiled 10th c.), compiled from existing Tang encyclopedias

Front 15

文苑英華
Wenyuan yinghua

Back 15

Third of the Si Dashu 四大書 (compiled 10th c.), making use of copious manuscripts of surviving Tang literature

Front 16

冊府元龜
Cefu yuangui

Back 16

Last of the Si Dashu 四大書 (compiled 10th c.), a guide to the Emperor and bureaucracy.

Front 17

柳開
Liu Kai

Back 17

Early Northern Song (10th c.) prose writer who identified strongly with Tang precursors, even adopting zi 字 and 名 ming that referenced Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan.

Front 18

徐鉉
Xu Xuan

Back 18

- early Song dynasty literati who also served in Tang/5 Dynasties; famous for “natural” parallel prose

Front 19

王禹偁
Wang Yucheng

Back 19

10th c. poet and prose writer in the first generation of poets to mature in the Northern Song.

Front 20

林逋
Lin Bu

Back 20

Late 10th-Early 11th c. poet. A fastidious eccentric who never married and refused posts and even to go into the city. Won fame as a recluse. Wrote almost entirely regulated verse in Late Tang style.

Front 21

西崑
Xikun

Back 21

A poetic name for the imperial library during the Nothern Song, and affixed to an anthology of poems written by eminent officials called the Xikun chouchang ji 西崑酬唱集 in early 11th c.

Front 22

西崑酬唱集
Xikun chouchang ji

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An anthology of poems written by eminent officials compiled in early 11th c. Takes name from the imperial library.

Front 23

楊億
Yang Yi

Back 23

Late 10th-Early 11th c. poet. Responsible for some of the poems in the Xikun chouchang ji 西崑酬唱集. Also editor of Li Shangyin's poetry.

Front 24

石介
Shi Jie

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11th c. composer of "Discourse on Weirdness," (Guaishuo 怪說), in which he advocated old style prose and attacks Yang Yi 楊億 .

Front 25

怪說
Guaishuo
[no asterisk]

Back 25

"Discourse on Weirdness." Composed by Shi Jie 石介 (11th c.). Advocates old style prose and attacks Yang Yi 楊億.

Front 26

時文
Shiwen

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"Current prose." Originally referred to parallel prose, the documentary style of the day as written by Yang Yi 楊億. Later came to refer to the Eight-legged essay (八股文 bagu wen).

Front 27

穆修
Mu Xiu

Back 27

Late 10th c.-early 11th c. writer. An eccentric old style prose defender who reputedly would not sell editions of Han Yu or Liu Zongyuan if the buyer could not read and punctuate them correctly.

Front 28

平文
Pingwen

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"Ordinary prose." A term used to refer to the old style prose of Mu Xiu.

Front 29

范仲淹
Fan Zhongyan

Back 29

Late 10th-early 11th c. poltical figure who advocated "direct remonstrance" and old style prose. Sponsored Ouyang Xiu.

Front 30

歐陽修
Ouyang Xiu

Back 30

11th c. poet. 六一居士* or Zuiweng 醉翁
Editor of Xin Tangshu 新唐書 and Revisions of 新五代史*
composer of "Remarks on Poetry" (Shi hua 詩話), among other things. Advocate of old style prose, and reputedly failed test takers who wrote in current prose.
Scholar of Classics: Basic Meaning of the Poems, Shi benyi 詩本義* offers radical reinterpretation of _Shijing_
One of the earliest scholars of epigraphy, Jigu lu 集古錄*, a collection of colophons
文賦* “prose expositions” most famous of which 秋聲賦*

Front 31

文賦
Wen fu

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"Prose expositions." Famous example is "Autumn Sounds" (Qiusheng fu 秋聲賦) by Ouyang Xiu which follows neither style of "regulated poetic expositions" 律賦 or "old poetic expositions" 古賦.

Front 32

秋聲賦
Qiusheng fu

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"Prose exposition" (文賦
Wen fu) composed by Ouyang Xiu, which follows neither style of "regulated poetic expositions" 律賦 or "old poetic expositions" 古賦.

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古賦
Gu fu

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"Old Poetic exposition." Contrasts with "regulated poetic exposition" 律賦.

Front 34

雲笈七籤*

Back 34

Early 11th c. Daoist encyclopedia ed. 張君房 now part of 道藏

Front 35

八股文*

Back 35

later name for 時文*