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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three broad categories of measurement?
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Magnitude, Direction, Time
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What unit of measurement is used to express scientific measurements?
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Metric
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What is the English equivalent of 1 meter
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1 yard
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What is the difference between the mass of a body and the weight of a body?
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The mass of-the body is the measure of the quantity of matter that the body contains, and it does not change.The weight of a body is the force that attracts toward earth.
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What is meant when a person is described as weighing 195 pounds.
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The person has the same pull of gravity that a mass of 195 would have when located near sea level.
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How are derived units constructed.
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They are based on combinations of two or three fundamental units expressed as some combination of these units. For example, the watt could be written as a joule per second
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speed and velocity are sometimes used as if they meant the same thing. What is the difference between speed and velocity?
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Velocity is a vector quantity; it is speed in a given dierection, while speed is a body moving along a path with no reference being made to direction
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What term is defined as the work done in lifting 1 pound a distance of 1 foot against the force of gravity.
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Foot-pound
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Name the concept of the statement "Two objects cant occupy the same space at the same time."
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Impenetrability of matter
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What action must be applied to an object to overcome inertia.
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A push or pull that exerts a force on the body
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What is meant by the term acceleration?
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An increase of decrease in speed and/or a change in direction of motion.
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Why is force considered a vector quantity?
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Because it has both drection and magnitude
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In the English system of measurement, what force is expressed in pounds?
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The gravitational force exerted by the earth on the body, known as weight of that body, expressed in force units.
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How is the density of a substance described.
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It is its weight per unit volume.
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How is the specific gravity of a substance descirbed?
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It is the ratio of the density of the substance to the density of water.
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Moving bodies have energy because they can do work. What term describes the energy of mass in motion.
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Kinetic energy.
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How is the atomic weight of an element determined?
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By the number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus
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The outer electron shell of each atom of an element is completely filled. What type of element is this?
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Inert
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Name the smallest unit that exhibits the distinguishing characteristics of a compound.
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molecules.
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In forming a compound, what part of the atom changes?
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The electron outer shell only. There is no change in the nucleus of either atom, and the total number of electron's hasnt't changed, they've been rearranged.
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In forming a compound, what part of the atom changes?
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The electron outer shell only. There is no change in the nucleus of either atom, and the total number of electron's hasn't changed, they've been rearranged.
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List the advantages of liquids as applied to aviation.
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A) Component parts of a system can be placed at separated poins.
B)Hydraulic energy is transmitted around corners without gears and levers |
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What is one of the main uses of absolute zero?
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To study the kenetic theory of gases.
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Name the person who formulated the following conclusion: "For a constant temperature, the product of the volume and pressure of an enclosed gas remains constant."
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Boyle
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Charles' law states that _____
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"All gases expand and contract in direct proportion to the change in absolute temperature, pro vialed the pressure is held constant.
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Name the branch of physics that deals with force, mass, and motion.
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Mechanics.
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Describe the point of an object that is its center of gravity.
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The point where a single force, equal to the gravitational force and directed up, sustains the body at rest.
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List the two classes of circular motion.
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Roatation and revolution
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Generally, a gyro rotor (a) revolves or (b) roatates about its axis
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roatates about its axis
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What type of force is an accelerating force applied to the center of gravity of a body so that the body is accelerated with no rotation?
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a translational force
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When does an object have potential energy?
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When it can do work, such as a wound clock spring or a cylinder of compressed gas
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What is lost whenever energy is expended
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Efficiency
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What is the most common reason for efficiency loss in mechanical physics?
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Friction
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What type of bearing is used in many types of machinery to minimize friction and maximize efficiency.
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self-lubricating bearings
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Name the principle that allows man to accomplish wor that he normally could not do
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Mechanical advantage
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What force prevents a revolving object from continuing along a straight line?
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Centripetal force
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When an object is revolving, what force tries to oppose centripetal force?
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Centrifugal force.
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What are the characteristics that all types of waves have in common?
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A)Transmission
B)Reflection C)Refraction D)Absorption |
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Energy is transferred in a medium by a disturbance that may have an elastic deformation, a pressure variation, an electric or magnetic intensity, an electric potential, or temperature. Continuous variations induced in to a medium is known as a
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Wave train. This is a series of waves produced by continuous variations.
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Electromagnetic waves are what types of waves?
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They are transverse waves because the disturbance takes place at right angles to the direction of propagation
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Air is elastic; therefore, a disturbance is transmitted progressively out ward as a compression wave. What type of waves behave in this manner?
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Longitudinal waves. They behave this way because the disturbance takes place in the direction of propagation. The waves move back and forth in the direction of wave travel.
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How are standing waves produced?
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They are produced by two wave trains of the same type and equal frequency traveling in opposite directions in the same medium. As two waves traveling in opposite directions meet, they combine with each other, and they cease to exist in their original form
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A ray is traveling through a medium in a straight line. What would cause the ray to change its direction?
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It would change its direction if it reached the boundary of a media or if it reached an area within the media where the velocity of propagation of the wave changes
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What happens when a wave is directed against a reflecting surface?
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The wave is thrown back from the surface. The ray that strikes the surface is the incident ray and the ray that bounces back is the reflected ray.
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"the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection." What is meant by this statement?
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The path of a ray reflected from a surface forms an angle that is eactly equal to the one formed by the path of the ray reaching the medium (law of reflection).
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What are the two factors that determine the angle of refraction?
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A) the angle of incidence
B) The index of refraction |
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What causes diffraction?
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Diffraction occurs when the path of waves is bent because of an obstruction
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What is the cause of the Doppler effect?
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The relative motion between the source of a wave and a detector of that wave. The frequency of the wave at the detector position differs from the frequency of the wave at the source.
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In the radiation theory, heat is generally treated the same way as several forms of energy. List these forms.
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A)Radio Waves
B)Heat C)Light |
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List the three methods of heat transfer
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A)Conduction
B)Convection C)Radiation |
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Wood handles are used on soldering irons because they are ______
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Poor conductors of heat
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In what state is matter the poorest conductor of heat?
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gas
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Convection is the process of heat transfer by means of a hot fluid. Name the aid used in airborne installations to aid convection.
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Fans and blowers
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For an object to become a good absorber of heat, it is normally painted ______
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Dull black
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List the four types of scales.
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A) Celsius
B)Fahrenheit C)Kelvin D)Rankine |
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What principle is involved in temperature-sensitive switches.
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coefficient of linear expansion
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what type of thermometer is usually used in the laboratory? In aircraft?
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The liquid thermometer is usually used in the laboratory while the solid thermometer is used in aircraft.
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What other principle is used to construct a thermometer?
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The principle of the compound bar
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What effect does the heat of fusion have on solder?
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It causes it to become mushy before it melts; that is, it flows at a very slow rate
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List the effects on light waves when they meet a substance
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When light waves meet another substance, they are transmitted, reflected, or absorbed.
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