1020 Test 2

Front 1

Medical assessment focuses on __________ & __________

Back 1

Disease & pathology

Front 2

Health assessment = __________ & __________ exam

Back 2

History and physical

Front 3

Nursing assessment is on f_________ abilities & _________ responses to _________ & other stressors

Back 3

Functional, physical, illness

Front 4

In an individual or community you assess physical, _________, _________, s_____________, & _________ status

Back 4

Mental, spiritual, socioeconomic, cultural

Front 5

The purpose of a health assessment is to: Gather a __________ history Develop a nursing __________ and __________ plan __________ client problems __________ nursing care

Back 5

??

Front 6

The physical exam is used to gather __________ data; supplement, __________, or refute data; confirm & __________ nursing diagnoses; make __________ judgements; & __________ __________ of care

Back 6

baseline data; supplement, confirm or refute data; confirm & indentify; clinical judgements; evaluate outcomes

Front 7

Gathering a health history requires that you __________ with the client

Back 7

Communicate

Front 8

Physical assessment allows a nurse to individualize a _______ of _______

Back 8

Plan of care

Front 9

During the evaluation phase, nurses can __________, __________, or __________ nursing interventions as clients achieve their outcomes & goals

Back 9

Revise, amend, or discontinue

Front 10

Physical assessments allow the nurse to __________ the status of an identified problem and __________ for other health problems

Back 10

Monitor, screen

Front 11

An assessment allows you to __________ with patients and __________ external behaviors

Back 11

Communicate, observe

Front 12

T/F: Culture influences a clients behavior

Back 12

True

Front 13

What should be considered when considering culture sensitivity? (5)

Back 13

Health beliefs, CAM, nutrition, relationships with family, and personal comfort zone

Front 14

T/F: When you discover a client is of a particular culture you should stereotype them to that culture

Back 14

False

Front 15

Men tolerate pain better than women is an example of...

Back 15

Gender bias

Front 16

When culture beliefs are unsafe what should you do? Give an example.

Back 16

Educate the client on the unsafe practice- do not give advice. Seek alternatives. The candles in the hospital- Use fake candles

Front 17

T/F: In an effort to save time during the examination some assessments can take place during routine care.

Back 17

True- Vitals, bathing, ROM, ADL's are things that can be assessed over a period of time without the client even noticing

Front 18

What are the 3 types of examinations?

Back 18

Comprehensive, focused, ongoing

Front 19

What is a comprehensive examination entail? When would you do a comprehensive exam?

Back 19

Complete health history interview (including the history of family members) and a head-to-toe physical. Provides guidance for planning care. Annual physical, upon admin to inpatient, 1st home health visit.

Front 20

What does a focused examination entail?

Back 20

Focusing the assessment on the problem presented by the patient. If they have stomach pain your not going to check ROM. Not concerned with overall health. Emergency situation. Rapid assessment.

Front 21

What does an ongoing assessment entail?

Back 21

Performed as needed to assess patient status after an initial baseline full assessment. Evaluates client outcomes- e.g. pain relief Reflects the dynamic state of the client.

Front 22

What should the nurse do to prepare before a health assessment? (3)

Back 22

Theoretical knowledge Self knowledge Knowledge about the client situation

Front 23

What theoretical knowledge should the nurse have before a health assessment? (4)

Back 23

A&P Exam equipment- Do you have the proper equipment and do you know how to work it Lung sounds, heart sounds Anatomical landmarks

Front 24

What self knowledge should the nurse have before a health assessment?

Back 24

Skill and comfort level when performing an exam Willingness to seek help

Front 25

What knowledge should the nurse have about the client situation before performing a health assessment? (5)

Back 25

Purpose of the exam Client diagnosis Does the client have any concerns If it is a focused assessment, what do you need for that focus Review the nursing plan of care

Front 26

What can the nurse do to prepare the environment for a client before a health assessment? (6)

Back 26

Privacy- Draping, curtain, door Noise control- Tv/ radio Visualization- Lighting, flashlight Temperature Have all supplies Ask other to leave the room

Front 27

How can the nurse prepare the client before a health assessment? (5)

Back 27

Promote client comfort Develop a rapport, trust Explain the procedure Repesct culture differences Use proper positioning

Front 28

Timing of an assessment is determined by...?

Back 28

A client's condition and changing status

Front 29

What are the 5 skills used during an assessment? List them in the proper order. How does the order change when assessing the abdomen?

Back 29

IPaPeA: Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation IAPaPe: Inspection, Auscultation, Palpation, Percussion

Front 30

An inspection uses __________ & __________ to recognize __________ & __________. This is the __________ of the 5 assessment skills. Ensure there is adequate __________. Position & ________ parts appropriately. Inspect the area for ______, ________, ________, ___________, position, and __________. __________ each part to the other. Pay attention to _______. Examples of inspection include skin color, ______, general __________, & __________.

Back 30

Vision & hearing Normal & abnormal. Simplest of the 5 assessment skills Lighting Expose body parts appropriately Size, shape, color, symmetry, position, and abnormalities. Compare Details Skin color, gait, general appearance, & behavior.

Front 31

Palpation is the use of __________ to gather __________. Begin with __________ palpation and progress to ______ palpation. Be gentle and make sure your hands are _______. Examples of palpation include __________, __________, __________ landmarks, and __________ (__________). Edema is __________ & __________ of body tissue. Palpate __________ areas (first/last).

Back 31

Touch to gather data Light Deep palpation Warm Edema, moisture, anatomical landmarks, and masses (goiter). Swelling & accumulation Sensitive, (last).

Front 32

Parts of the hand used for palpation: Fingertips: __________ __________ - Skin, swelling, pulses, mass. Dorsum: __________ Palm: __________ area of __________ Grasping: ______ evaluation

Back 32

Tactile discrimination Temperture General area of pulsation Mass evaluation

Front 33

Percussion is the use of __________ to produce a __________. __________ determines __________, size, and __________ of structures. Tapping on skin to elicit a __________ can be __________ or __________ (most common). This technique is useful for assessing the __________, _______ and other underlying structures. An example of this would be a __________ __________.

Back 33

Fingertips, vibration. Sound, location, size, and denisty of structures. Sound, direct or indirect (most common). Abdomen, lungs Distended blatter.

Front 34

Auscultation is the use of __________ to gather assessment ______. Direct auscultation means to listen _______ an instrument. Indirect mean to listen _______ an instrument. The __________ method uses a stethoscope. The diaphragm of a stethoscope is used to hear _____-________ sounds such as the _______, ______, & __________ The bell of the stethoscope is used to hear _____-________ sounds such as _______ ______ & __________ _______ flow.

Back 34

Hearing, data. Without With Stethoscope. High-pitched, heart, lungs, & abdomen. Low-pitched, heart murmurs & turbulent blood flow.

Front 35

The nurse would be able to gather the most complete data about a clients pedal edema using the assessment skill of _________

Back 35

Palpation

Front 36

Olfaction is used to identify the _________ and source of _______ odors. Helps to detect _________. Fruity breathe could be a sign of _________.

Back 36

Identify nature and source of body odors. Helps detect abnormalities Diabetes

Front 37

Preparation for the exam includes: I PEE-PA _________ control _________ prep of the client _________ _________ _________ prep of the client- To explain _________ of age groups

Back 37

Infection control
Physical prep of client
Environment
Equipment
Psychological prep of client
Age group assessment

Front 38

Infants (___ - ___) Age modifications include: Teach the parent about:

Back 38

1m-1y Parents hold on their lap Normal growth & development- anticipatory guidance

Front 39

Toddlers (___-___) Allow them to _______ or _________ Save the most _________ procedure for ______ _________ choices Use ______ Allow the child to show their _________ skills

Back 39

1y-3y Explore, sit on parents lap Invsaive, last Offer Praise Developmental

Front 40

Preschoolers (___-___) Use a _____ for _________ They may still want _________ _________ Allow the child to _____ with the _________.

Back 40

4y-5y Doll, demonstation Parental contact Help, exam

Front 41

School age (___-___) Show _________ and develop a _________ Allow _________ _________ about the workings of the body

Back 41

6y-12y Approval, rapport Independence Teach

Front 42

Adolescence (___-___) Provide _________. They are usually self-_________ Use exam to teach about a ______ _________ Screen for _________ & _________ risk Discuss changes from _________ Discuss _________ & _________ behaviors

Back 42

12y-18y Privacy, conscious Healthy lifestyle Depression, suicide Puberty Sexual, risky

Front 43

Young/Middle Adults (___-___) Modify in the presence of _______ or ______ illness

Back 43

19y-40y Acute, chronic

Front 44

Older adults (___-___+) May need to _________ specially due to decreased mobility Adapt exam to _________ & _________ changes Assess for change in _________ ability Assess for ability to perform _________ Provide a period of _____ if needed ***** the _________ system Be aware of stiff _______ & _______ joints SPICES:

Back 44

41y-65y+ Position Vision, hearing Physical ADL's Rest Support Muscles, arthritic Sleep disorders, Problems with eating, Incontinence, Confusion, Evidence of falls, Skin breakdown

Front 45

General survey of the patient begins at _________ _________. You get an _________ impression of the client. _________ of the general survey lead to _________ assessments.

Back 45

??

Front 46

General survey includes: BAGh HwVMh BtpS

Back 46

Behavior, Appearance, Grooming/Hygiene Height/Wright, Vitals, Mental health Body type/Posture, Speech See Ch. 19 p. 7 for further details

Front 47

During the general survey it is important to remember how _________ and _________ may effect your client

Back 47

Culture Ethnicity

Front 48

When assessing the skin it is important to assess: ILHN ___________ _________ _______ _______
The purpose is to assess for _________, _________, _________, local _________ damage, and _________. Look for _________, _________, _________, _________, petechiae

Back 48

Integumentary Lesions Hair Nails
Oxygenation, circulation, nutrition, tissue damage, hydration Cyanosis, pallor, jaundice, erythema

Front 49

Assessing integumentary temperature: Check the ______ & ______ body. It should be ______ & consistent with with ______ and/or patient _______. If the skin is too warm there could be an issue with ____________/_________. If the skin is too cool there could be poor ___________, _______, ______, and ___________/_________.

Back 49

Left, right Warm, room temperature, patient activity Hyperthyroid/Hyperthermia Circulation, shock, cold, hypothyroid/hypothermia

Front 50

Assessing integumentary moisture: Excessive moisture indicates ___________, ___________, ____________, ___________, anxiety Dry skin indicates ___________, ______ ________, ___________, ____ _________, excessive ___________.

Back 50

Hyperthyroid, hyperthermia, hyperactivity, hyperhidrosis Hypothyroid, renal failure, dehydration, sun exposure, hygiene

Front 51

Assessing integumentary turgor: Skin should automatically ________. If there is _________ it could be a sign of ___________ or ___________.

Back 51

Recoil Tenting, dehydration, aging

Front 52

Lesions on the body are a change in ___________ and a break in ________. Normal lesions include: Mila: _______ ________ from ______ Nevi: ______, _________, ___________ Skin tags: Tags of skin around _________. Striae: _______ _______

Back 52

Mila: White heads from sweat Nevi: Moles, freckles, birthmarks Skin tags: Tags of skin around creases Striae: Stretch marks

Front 53

Abnormal lesions: Primary: _________ or _________; ex: ______ Secondary: Develops from _________ as a result of _________, _________, _________, _________; ex: _______ popped from acne Evaluate the SSPCDTTPI ABCDE:

Back 53

Primary: disease or irritation; ex: acne Secondary: Develops from primary as a result of illness, exposure, injury, infection; ex: crusts popped from acne Evaluate the SSPCDTTPI: Size, shape, pattern, color, distribution, texture, tenderness, pain, itching ABCDE: Asymmetry, Border (regular/irregular), Color, Distribution >0.5cm, Elevation

Front 54

Assess the hair for: TCDTT _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ If hair is fine and dry this could be an indication of ______________ If hair is fine and silky this could be an indication of ______________ Another name for hair loss is _________ Hair loss could be due to ______, _________, _________, _____

Back 54

Type Color Distribution Texture Thickness Hypothyroid Hyperthyroid Alopecia Chemo, nutrition, endocrine, age

Front 55

Assessment of the nails: Clubbing of the nails indicates ____ _____. This could be attributed to chronic _______ disease. This would also cause the nails to be _____ & boggy. Pale/blue nails could indicate _______ or ______ 1/2&1/2 nails could indicate ____ _______ or ________ _________ Mees' lines is a _________ line that indicates a _________ _________ White nails indicate a ______ _________ What for things affect nail shape? TCDH The condition of a nail reflects: (4) Thick nails = _____ _________ Thick with yellow = ______ _____________ Brittle nails = ___________, ___ & ___ deficient

Back 55

Clubbing of the nails indicates no O2 . This could be attributed to chronic lung disease. This would also cause the nails to be soft & boggy. Pale/blue nails could indicate hypoxia or anemia 1/2&1/2 nails could indicate low albumin or renal disease Mees' lines is a transverse line that indicates a nutritional deficiency White nails indicate a zinc deficiency What for things affect nail shape? Trauma, cirrhosis, diabetes, hypertension The condition of a nail reflects: General health, state of nutrition, occupation, level of self care Thick nails = poor circulation Thick with yellow = fungal onychomycosis Brittle nails = hyperthyroidism, Fe, & Ca deficient

Front 56

It would be most important for the nurse to include the fingernails in a basic assessment for a client with: A) A neurological condition B) Muscoloskeltal condition C) Integumentary condition D) Respiratory condition

Back 56

D

Front 57

Observing the head: HEENT Skull and face: SSFS- ______, _______, ______ ________, ___________ Assess eyes for PERRLA, visual _______ & visual ________ Assess mouth- _________, _________, ______ On the neck you will assess the ______ Acromegaly is: Hydrocephalus is:

Back 57

Head, ears, eyes, nose, throat Skull and face: SSFS- Size, shape, facial features, symmetrical Assess eyes for PERRLA, visual acuity & visual field Assess mouth- tongue, teeth, gums On the neck you will assess the nodes Acromegaly is: Head is large Hydrocephalus is: Head is growing faster than the body

Front 58

What is ptosis? Cataracts? Visual field?

Back 58

Drooping eyelid Lens opacities Peripheral vision

Front 59

What instrument is used to ***** the: Eyes? Ears?

Back 59

Opthalomoscope Otoscope & tuning fork

Front 60

The ears are assessed for __________ & __________. Three parts to the ear: __________, __________, __________ The inner ear contains the __________ membrane Hearing is tested by using __________ or __________ tests Balance is tested using the __________ test If ears are below eye level they are called ____-_____. This is usually associated with ______ __________.

Back 60

The ears are assessed for hearing & balance . Three parts to the ear: External, middle, inner The inner ear contains the tympanic membrane Hearing is tested by using Weber or Rinne tests Balance is tested using the Romberg test If ears are below eye level they are called low - set . This is usually associated with Down's syndrome .

Front 61

Romberg tests for ___________. The client shouldn't _______. Webber & Rinne test for ___________ in _______ impulses.

Back 61

Balance, Sway
Hearing, vibration

Front 62

Assessment of the nose is for _______.

Back 62

Smell

Front 63

Assessment of the mouth: LBT H&S US How many teeth are in the mouth? If the tongue is dry and furry this could indicate ___________ Absence of papillae, reddened mucosa, & ulcerations could indicate ________, ___________, or _________. Canker sores are ________ ulcers caused by ___________, ___________, ________, & ________.

Back 63

Assessment of the mouth: Lips, Buccal mucosa, Teeth, Hard & Soft palate, Uvula, Salivary glands 28 teeth Dehydration Absence of papillae, reddened mucosa, & ulcerations could indicate infections , allergies , or inflammation . Canker sores are benign ulcers caused by infection, allergy, stess, or trauma .

Front 64

Assessment of the neck: Neck may be assessed for muscoloskeletal, __________, __________, __________, __________ & __________ issues

Back 64

Neurological, vascular, respiratory, endocrine, lymphatic

Front 65

Assessment of the neck: The two landmarks on the neck are...

Back 65

Sternoclediomastoid & trapezius

Front 66

Assessment of the neck: If thyroids are palpable this could be from a ______________ or _______________

Back 66

Hypothyroid or hyperthyroid

Front 67

Assessment of the neck: MTTCln

Back 67

Musculature Trachea Thyroid gland Cervical lymph nodes

Front 68

Assessment of breasts: SSNTA Why should 'A' be assessed?

Back 68

Size Shape Nipples Tissue Axillae- Breast tumors in axillae

Front 69

T/F: Underarms do not have lymph nodes

Back 69

False- they do

Front 70

T/F: One breast is usually larger than the other

Back 70

True

Front 71

What are some components of internal breast structure?

Back 71

Glandular, adipose, CT & SM tissue & nerves

Front 72

Breath sounds: Bronchial- _____ pitched, __________ is longer than __________, air moves thru the _______. Best heard over the _______ & below the ______ of the ______ Bronchial Vesicular- ________ pitch, equal __________ & __________, air moves thru _______ _______ airways. Best heard over ____ & ____ intercostal & between ________. Vesicular- _____ pitch, longer __________ than __________, air moves thru __________ airways, best heard over _____ fields. Diminish- _____ effort, related to ________ Adventitous- _______, _______, ______

Back 72

Breath sounds: Bronchial- high pitched, expiration is longer than inspiration , air moves thru the trachea . Best heard over the trachea & below the nape of the neck Bronchial Vesicular- medium pitch, equal inspiration & expiration , air moves thru large bronchial airways. Best heard over 1st & 2nd intercostal & between scapula . Vesicular- low pitch, longer inspiration than expiration , air moves thru smaller airways, best heard over lung fields. Diminish- poor effort, related to obesity Adventitous- wheeze , ronchi , rales

Front 73

A barrel chest could indicate _____

Back 73

COPD

Front 74

Kyphosis is

Back 74

Excessive curvature of the the throacic spine

Front 75

Scoliosis is:

Back 75

Excessive curvature of the spine

Front 76

Lordosis is:

Back 76

Porosity of vertebrae; the vertebrae collapse and compress

Front 77

On the heart the apical pulse is found at the ____ which is the ____ intercostal space. The _____ is responsible for sounds ____ & ____ _____-_____

Back 77

PMI
5th intercostal space
PMI
1 & 2
Lub-Dub

Front 78

When you palpate the heart this is called a ______

Back 78

Thrill

Front 79

Mitral valve is located at the _______ pulse; aka the _____

Back 79

Apical pulse PMI

Front 80

Pulmonary circulation brings _________ blood from the ______ to the lungs then __________ blood from the _______ to the __________ Systemic circulation brings ____________ blood from the heart to the _______ and brings ____________ from the ______ back to the _______.

Back 80

Pulmonary circulation brings deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs then oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart Systemic circulation brings oxygenated blood from the heart to the body and brings deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart .

Front 81

During the cardiac cycle the _______ & _______ alternately relax & ______ to ____ & ______ When the ______ contract they are emptying When the ______ relax they are refilling & vice versa The only pulsation or ______ you should hear is at the ______

Back 81

Atria, ventricles, contract, fill, empty
Atria
Ventricles
Thrill, PMI

Front 82

The first sound of the cardiac cycle ______ represents the beginning of ______. This is from the ______ of the ______ valves. The second sound of the cardiac cycle ______ represents the beginning of ______. This is from the ______ of the ______ valves.

Back 82

The first sound of the cardiac cycle Lub represents the beginning of systole . This is from the closure of the aortic valves. The second sound of the cardiac cycle Dub represents the beginning of diastole . This is from the closure of the semilunar valves.

Front 83

Arteries carry blood _______ the heart Veins carry blood _______ the heart Jugular vein carries blood from the _______ to the superior vena cava

Back 83

Away from Toward Brain

Front 84

Arteries are ________ pressure and are very ________. Veins are ________ pressure so they have ________ to keep blood from flowing ________.

Back 84

High, palpable Low, valves, backwards

Front 85

Peripheral vessels can be assessed for signs of __________ oxygenation. There would be signs of pallor, ________, _____, shiny, _____ hair, ________ nails (

Back 85

Inadequate
Cyanosis, cool, shiny, fine hair, clubbing nails (160degrees)

Front 86

When assessing the abdomen which order should the skills be performed? You should first auscultate ________ sounds then second auscultate major ________.

Back 86

Inspection, auscultation, palpation, percussion Bowel sounds Major arteries

Front 87

When examining the abdomen look for ________, ________, or ________. When auscultating the abdomen you will hear ____ & ______ passing thru the small & large ________. Always turn off ________ devices. Also, listen for ________ ________.

Back 87

Symmetry, masses, pulsations Air & fluid, intestines Suction Vascular bruits

Front 88

When assessing the abdomen ________ is performed last. ________ detects ________, ________, or ________. You will use light ________. The ________ is not normally palpable.

Back 88

Palpation
Palpation, tenderness, distension, masses
Palpation
Spleen

Front 89

When assessing the abdomen you should listen to each quadrant for ___________

Back 89

15 seconds

Front 90

When assessing the musculoskeletal system you will do: IPRTSS

Back 90

Inspection
Palpation
Range of motion
Muscle tone and strength
Spine: Kyphosis, lordosis, scoliosis

Front 91

Inspection of the musculoskeletal system includes ______ and _______ abnormalities. The difference in ______ should be less than ______ between the left and right ______ & ______

Back 91

gait, postural gait, 1cm, arms, legs

Front 92

Musculoskeletal provides ______ & ______ to the body, allows _________, ______internal organs, produces _____, stores ___ & ________

Back 92

Shape Support Movement Protects RBCs Ca2+ Phosphorus

Front 93

When assessing bones, muscles, and joints you will include: Bs SBC Jm Ms

Back 93

Body shape
Symmetry
Balance
Coordination
Joint mobility
Muscle strength

Front 94

Bones, muscles, joints body shape and symmetry includes: (3)

Back 94

Posture, gait, and spinal curvature

Front 95

Bones, muscles, joints balance tests include: (2)

Back 95

Heel to toe walking Rombergs test (ear)

Front 96

Bones, muscles, joints coordination tests include: (3)

Back 96

Finger-thumb opposition
Movement
Run heel of 1 foot down the shin of the other foot

Front 97

Joint mobility tests inspection includes: (3)

Back 97

Color change
Deformity
Crepitus- Air in joints clicking

Front 98

Muscle strength tests include: (2)

Back 98

ROM Resistance- performed at the same time as ROM

Front 99

Neurological test will see if the patient is ________ and __________

Back 99

Alert
Oriented

Front 100

Neurological assessment will determine: (2)

Back 100

Cerebral functioning
Sensory functioning

Front 101

Cerebral Functioning for a Neuro test will assess: (4)

Back 101

Level of consciousness
Mental state
Cognitive function
Cranial nerve assessment

Front 102

Sensory function tests for a Neuro assessment includes: TPTVPSSG2LE

Back 102

Light touch
Light pain
Temperature
Vibration
Pulsation
Sense Stereogenosis- recognize solid objects
Graphesthesia- recognize outlines, #'s, symbols
2 point discrimination- sense if 1 or 2 areas are touched
Point localization- identify where you are being touched Extinction

Front 103

What is stereogenosis?

Back 103

Recognize solid objects

Front 104

What is Graphesthesia?

Back 104

Recognize outlines, #'s, symbols

Front 105

What is proprioreception? What assessment would it be used for?

Back 105

Know where your body is in relation to surroundings Neuro assessment

Front 106

Motor and cerebellar function includes: MCTPEP The cerebellum controls ____________

Back 106

Movement
Coordination
Tone
Posture
Equilibrium
Proprioreception
Proprioreception

Front 107

Positioning the client: Sitting

Back 107

Upright Vitals, head, neck, chest, cardiovascular system, breasts

Front 108

Positioning the client: Supine; includes _________ (___ degree) & ____-_________ (___-___ degree)

Back 108

Fowlers (60degree) , semi-fowlers(30-45degree)
Flat on back, extremities extended
Abdomen, breasts, extremities, pulses

Front 109

Positioning the client: Dorsal recumbent

Back 109

Supine with knees flexed
Abdominal assessment if the client has abdominal or pelvic pain

Front 110

Positioning the client: Lithotomy

Back 110

Dorsal recumbent with feet in stirrups
Female pelvic exam

Front 111

Positioning the client: Sims'

Back 111

Flexion of hip & knees in a side-lying position
Rectal area, female pelvic exam if they can't sit in lithotomy

Front 112

Positioning the client: Prone

Back 112

Flat on stomach
Musculoskeletal system, hip extension, back, buttocks

Front 113

Positioning the client: Lateral Recumbent

Back 113

Lying on the left side with a straight line
Evaluate a heart murmur or during a thorough cardiac assessment Brings the heart closest to the chest wall

Front 114

Positioning the client: Knee-Chest

Back 114

Hands and knees with butt elevated
Rectal exam

Front 115

Skin color variations: Jaundice

Back 115

Yellow-orange
Liver disorder

Front 116

HYPERTENSION Medication Table

Back 116

Look over

Front 117

Hypetension: Kidneys release ________ into the bloodstream ________ helps convert ________ to ________ in the ________ ________ is converted to ________ (a potent _________ in the ________ ________ causes ________ constriction and ________ secretion. ________ causes ________ & ________ retention Retained ________ & ________ increase ________ ________ Arteriolar constriction ________ peripheral ________ ________ (____) ________ blood volume & ________ ________ cause ________.

Back 117

Hypetension: Kidneys release renin into the bloodstream
Renin helps convert angiotensin to angiotensin I in the liver
Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II (a potent vasoconstrictor ) in the lungs
Angiotensin II causes arteriolar constriction and aldosterone secretion.
Aldosterone causes Na & H2O retention
Retained Na & H2O increase blood volume
Arteriolar constriction increases peripheral vascular resistance ( PVR )
Increased blood volume & vascular resistance cause hypertension .

Front 118

Hypertension is the persistent _________ of _________ & _________ blood pressure based on an average of ____+ readings taken on ___+ visits Hypertension is linked with _________ in children

Back 118

Elevation Systolic Diastolic 2+ 2+ Obesity

Front 119

Blood Pressure Screening The client should not have _________, _________, _________, within 30 minutes He should be seated with the legs _________ and arms at _________ level Deflate the cuff at ___-___ mmHg/sec Ask the client not to _________ during the measurement

Back 119

smoked, exercised, drink caffeine Uncrossed Heart 2-3 mmHg/sec Talk

Front 120

Prehypertension is: ___-___ systolic / ___-___ diastolic

Back 120

120-139/80-89

Front 121

Stage I Hypertension is ___-___ / ___-___

Back 121

140-159/90-99

Front 122

Stage II hypertension is ___/ ___

Back 122

>160/ >100

Front 123

To treat BP _________ may take awhile to work You may need to try different _________ You may need to try _________ drugs

Back 123

Medications drugs multiple

Front 124

To treat prehypertension the JNC recommends:

Back 124

Lifestyle modifications, nutritional changes and exercise

Front 125

To treat stage I hypertension the JNC recommends:

Back 125

Medication regimen, see HC provider monthly until BP goal is reach

Front 126

To treat stage II hypertension the JNC recommends:

Back 126

See a HC provider more often

Front 127

Hypertension means the heart is working _________ than normal, putting the _________ & _________ _________ under strain

Back 127

Harder
Heart
Blood vessels

Front 128

Hypertension increases the risk of: (4)

Back 128

Myocardial infarction (heart attack)
Heart failure
Stroke- paralysis, death, kidney disease
Renal disease

Front 129

Hypertension is more common in men _________ 55. Men are more likely to suffer a _________ _________. Hypertension is more common in women _________ 55. Women are more likely to suffer a _________

Back 129

Before
Myocardial infarction
After
Stroke

Front 130

The highest presence of hypertension occurs in _________ _________. In this culture, _________ have a higher incidence than ______.

Back 130

African Americans
Women
Men

Front 131

Which region of the country has the highest incidence of hypertension?

Back 131

Southeastern

Front 132

Which culture has the lowest knowledge of hypertension and are less likely to recieve treatment?

Back 132

Mexicans

Front 133

Arterial blood pressure = _____ x _________ _________ _________ CO = _________ x _________ SVR = Force _________ movement of blood thru the _________ _________. A small decrease in the radius of arterioles leads to a large _________ in SVR

Back 133

Arterial blood pressure = CO x systemic vascular resistance
CO = stroke volume (70mL) x HR
SVR = Force opposing movement of blood thru the blood vessels
A small decrease in the radius of arterioles leads to a large increase in SVR

Front 134

Normal regulation of BP is regulated by what part of the nervous system?

Back 134

Sympathetic

Front 135

__________ located in the aortic arch and __________ arteries, transmit changes in BP to the __________.
__________ BP __________ of SNS activity and a drop in ____, ____, force of contraction, & __________. __________ BP __________ of the SNS, increased ____, increased contractility, and __________

Back 135

Baroreceptors located in the aortic arch and carotid arteries, transmit changes in BP to the brainstem . Increased BP, Inhibition of SNS activity and a drop in BP , HR , force of contraction, & vasodilation .
Decreased BP, activation of the SNS, increased HR , increased contractility, and vasoconstriction

Front 136

__________ is a NT released from SNS nerve endings and activates receptors in the heart and vasculature

Back 136

Norepinephrine

Front 137

Normal regulation of BP is also controlled by the __________ system.

Back 137

Renal

Front 138

During renal control of BP, __________ is an enzyme secreted from the __________. It converts __________ to __________. _____ converts angiotensin I to __________, a potent __________. __________ also stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce __________, which causes ____ & ____ retention by the __________. ____ inhibitors block ACE so __________ cant be converted to __________ and therefore BP is lowered.

Back 138

During renal control of BP, renin is an enzyme secreted from the kidneys . It converts angiotensin to angiotensin I . ACE converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II , a potent vasoconstrictor (increases BP) . Angiotensin II also stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce aldosterone , which causes Na & H2O retention by the kidneys . Ace inhibitors block ACE so angiotensin I cant be converted to angiotensin II and therefore BP is lowered.

Front 139

Two types of classifications for hypertension:

Back 139

Primary Secondary

Front 140

Primary hypertension has _________ causes however there are many contributing factors such as: (list a few)

Back 140

Unknown (idiopathic) High salt intake Obesity Stress Alcohol Increased SNS activity

Front 141

Secondary hypertension has __________ causes. A examples include: (list a few)

Back 141

Known, specific causes
Coarctation of the aorta
Renal disease
Pregnancy-induced
Endocrine disorders
Brain tumors
Certain drugs (cocaine)

Front 142

Hypertension is often referred to as the __________ __________. Symptoms of hypertension before it occurs are: F Rat DAD

Back 142

Silent killer
Fatigue
Reduced activity tolerance
Dizziness
Angina
Dyspnea

Front 143

Hypertension can damage vital organs. Examples of this include: Cad Lvh Hf Pvd Rf Rd

Back 143

Coronary artery disease (CAD)
Left ventricular hypertrophy
Heart failure
Peripheral vascular disease
Renal failure
Retinal damage

Front 144

Coronary artery disease (CAD): Causes __________ damage that results in __________ and __________ of the lumens

Back 144

Arteriolar stiffening narrowing

Front 145

Left ventricular hypertrophy: LVH is a compensatory mechanism that __________ contraction and __________ CO. This also __________ the work of the heart and its need for ______

Back 145

strengthens increases increases oxygen

Front 146

Heart failure: __________ __________ & _____ are __________. The client complains of shortness of breath on __________, paroxysmal nocturnal ______ & fatigue

Back 146

Stroke volume & CO decreased Exertion Dyspnea

Front 147

Peripheral vascular disease: Hypertension speeds up the process of __________ leading to impaired __________ in the extremities, aortic __________ and aortic dissection. The client may complain of __________ __________ (ischemic muscle pain on activity that is relieved by ______)

Back 147

Artherosclerosis circulation aneurysm intermittent claudication rest

Front 148

Renal failure: The direct result of __________ caused by narrowed __________ of __________ blood vessels

Back 148

ischemia lumen renal

Front 149

Retinal damage: The retine is the only place where blood vessels can be __________. S/S's of damage include __________ vision, retinal __________, loss of __________

Back 149

Visualized blurred vision retinal hemorrhage loss of vision

Front 150

Treatment for BP- Nutrition: Weight loss of _____ can reduce SBP by 5-___mm __________ intake of cholesterol and __________ fats __________ Na+ intake DASH:

Back 150

20lbs, 5-20mm Reduce, saturated Reduce Dietary approaches to stop hypertension (eat grains, fruits, and veggies)

Front 151

T/F: Water softeners contain sodium

Back 151

True

Front 152

Treatment for BP- Lifestyle: Alcohol- Men should limit their consumption to ___ drinks/day and women to ____ drinks/day Physical activity- regular __________ exercise, __________, __________, __________ Tobacco- Nicotine is a __________

Back 152

2, 1 aerobic, walking, jogging, swimming vasoconstrictor

Front 153

Treatment for BP- Drug therapy: Goal of drug therapy is to achieve a BP of <____/____ For clients with diabetes or chronic renal disease, the BP goal is ____/____

Back 153

140/90 130/80

Front 154

The drugs currently available for treatment of BP have two main actions: __________ circulating blood __________ __________ the SVR

Back 154

Decreasing, volume Reducing

Front 155

Client Teaching re. Drug Therapy Side effects may __________ with continued use of the drug The __________ & __________ of side effects may be related to the ______ __________ __________ is one of the most common side effects, so, teach the client to dangle before standing __________ dysfunction may occur. Notify your prescriber.

Back 155

Decrease
Number, severity, dose
Orthostatic hypotension Sexual

Front 156

Client teaching re. Drug Therapy If frequent urination interrupts sleep, take the diuretic __________ in the day Side effects of __________ & adrenergic inhibitors can be reduced by taking the medication in the __________ BP is __________ in the night and __________ after awakening. Drugs with 24hr duration should be taken as early in the __________ as possible. Avoid hot ______, __________, strenuous __________ within 3 hours of meds

Back 156

Earlier
Vasodialators, evening
Lowest, highest, morning (4-5am)
Baths, alcohol, exercise

Front 157

Nursing Diagnosis Deficient knowledge: R/T the role of the treatment regimen in control of the disease process Noncompliance with the therapeutic regimen R/T side effects of medication

Back 157

?

Front 158

When taking BP at home: Refrain from __________, __________, & _______ _______ for 30 minutes prior Take BP after resting ___-___ minutes You should take an average of ____ readings separated by ____ minutes Take BP ________ when treatment has begun or has been changed, then __________

Back 158

smoking, exercising, drinking coffee
3-5 minutes
3, 1
Daily, weekly

Front 159

What are the most common reasons for non-adherence to therapy? CUSCD

Back 159

Cost Lack of understanding
Side effects
Cognitive impairment
Inconvenient dose schedule

Front 160

Goals of nursing care: __________ BP Client __________ __________ changes __________ adherence Early detection of __________ effects Evaluation of __________ effectiveness

Back 160

Reduce
Compliance
Lifestyle
Medication
Adverse
Therapeutic

Front 161

Beta blocker drugs: (4) Action of beta blockers: (5) Side effects: (9)

Back 161

Propanolol (inderol), Atenolol (tenormin), Metoprolol (lopressor), Nadolol (Corgard)

Decrease HR, force of contraction, rate of AV conduction, vasodialtion, decrease PVR

Bradycardia, lethargy, GI disturbance, CHF, decrease BP, depression, Hypotension, ED, Bronchospasm

Front 162

ACE inhibitor drugs: (4) Action: (1+3) Side effects: (5)

Back 162

Captopril (capoten), enalapril (vasotec), benzapril (lotensin), lisinopril (zestril)

Decrease peripheral vascular resistance without increasing CO, cardiac rate, cardiac contractility

Dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, GI distress, cough, headache, 1st dose syncope

Front 163

Calcium antogonist drugs: (4) Action: (4) Side effects: (9)

Back 163

Amlodipine (Norvasc), Verapamil (calan), Nifedipine (procardia), Diltiazem (cardizem)

Blocks Ca2+ access to cell, decreasing contractility, conductivity of the heart, demand for oxygen

Decreased BP, may precipitate AV block, headache, abdominal discomfort, peripheral edema, bradycardia, dizziness, orthostatics hypotensin, sexual dysfunction

Front 164

Review hypertension addendum!

Back 164

Look over

Front 165

Content of play: Sa Sp SUDPG

Back 165

Social- affective play
Sense- pleasure play
Skill play
Unoccupied behavior
Dramatic Pretend Games

Front 166

Social character of play: SOAP C

Back 166

Solitary play Onlooker play Associative play - Many children playing together Parallel play - 2 kids playing independently in close proximity Cooperative play

Front 167

Toy Safety Guidelines: Intended _____ group ________ enough to survive rough play Materials are __________ Discard __________ wrapping Provide a safe toy _______ to put toys away Discard ___________ toys

Back 167

Age
Durable
Nontoxic
Plastic
Chest
Broken

Front 168

Parents should limit TV viewing time for kids to less than ____ hours per day

Back 168

2

Front 169

Communication is a __________ human function. Sending __________ back and forth between ____ or more people. Communication consists of __________ and __________ messages. Helps build working __________ Helps meet __________, psychosocial, __________, and spiritual needs

Back 169

basic messages, 2+ relationships physical, emotional

Front 170

During social communication the conversation is about _____

Back 170

Us

Front 171

Therapeutic communication is about the __________

Back 171

Client

Front 172

Intrapersonal communication:

Back 172

Occurs within an individual- can be negative or positive

Front 173

Interpersonal communication:

Back 173

One to one interaction between two or more people

Front 174

Transpersonal communication:

Back 174

Interaction within a person's spiritual domain

Front 175

Small group communication: What is the appropriate distance?

Back 175

Interactions with a small number of people. Groups, meetings, conversation. 4-12'

Front 176

Public communication: Distance:

Back 176

Interaction with an audience 12'+

Front 177

Commuication components:

Back 177

Content and process

Front 178

Communication components- content: SWGSm Content is left up to individual __________

Back 178

Subject matter
Words
Gestures
Substance of messages
Open to interpretation

Front 179

Components of communication- Process: This is the __________ part of the conversation Five elements: M-3 S-1 C-8 R-1 F-1

Back 179

Message- words, gesture, letters Sender- Initiates content delivery
Channel- face, written, audiovisual, phone, e-mail, touch, pamphlets, internet
Receiver- Interprets the message
Feedback- Validates reciever recieved the proper message

Front 180

The sender (aka __________) may use __________ & ___-__________ methods. Examples: words, gestures, _____, _____, & symbols Reciever (aka __________) may use __________, __________, & __________ resources to ________ or __________ the message Sometimes message can get misinterpreted.

Back 180

Encoder, verbal, non-verbal Tones, signs Decoder, visual, auditory, & tactile resource to decode, interpret

Front 181

During the communication process 'decoding' is A) Selection of words by the sender B) Interpretation of the message by the reciever C) Method by which the method was given D) Way in which feedback is interpreted

Back 181

B

Front 182

Verbal forms of communication: RI(g)HT CDC PVC

Back 182

Relevance Intonation- tone, pitch, cadence
Humor
Timing
Clarity (brevity)
Denotative- literal, dictionary
Connotative- Implied meaning (baby)
Pacing
Vocabulary- Jargon
Credibility of the send

Front 183

The nurse is teaching the client about his upcoming procedure and the client is stressed. It would be most important for the nurse to A) Use humor B) Determine if teaching should take place at a different time C) Introduce himself as the RN to give credibility D) Speak to the client with family members present

Back 183

B

Front 184

Non-verbal forms of communication: GAPg DTF

Back 184

Gestures- Can indicate tone, can have contradicting meaning to words
Appearance- Socioeconomic status, culture, feelings
Posture & gait- Clues to attitudes, emotions, physical well-being
Distance- Extent of familiarity
Touch- Can be misinterpreted
Facial expression- Communicates feelings; smiling, eye contact

Front 185

Non-verbal communication is the _____________ use of body language when ________ a message

Back 185

unconscious sending

Front 186

Factors that effect communication: EDGLSTSR

Back 186

Environment
Developmental
Gender
Lifespan variations
Space
Territoriality
Sociocultural
Relationships

Front 187

Developmental factors for communication include physical, ________, ________, level of ________, maturity

Back 187

cognitive, language, education

Front 188

Space affects of communication:
Intimate:
Personal:
Social:
Public:

Back 188

Private, 18"
Common distance in nursing, 18"-4'
Group talk, 4-12'
Loud, clear, 12'+

Front 189

How do relationships effect communication? (4)

Back 189

Vocab, tone, gestures, & distance

Front 190

Therapeutic relationships in HC focus on ________ the health of the client Provide necessary information about ________, ________, & ________ Involve the use of ________ communication ________-centered communication directed at achieving ________ goals

Back 190

improving health, treatments, care therapeutic client-centered, client

Front 191

Therapeutic communication is ________- centered, ________-directed, and strengthens the ________ relationship (not a social relationship)

Back 191

client-centered goal-directed therapeutic

Front 192

Elements of professional communication: BAD TARA CN

Back 192

Behavior, Appearance, Demeanor Trustworthiness, Autonomy, Responsibility, Assertiveness Courtesy, Names

Front 193

What are the 4 stages of a therapeutic relationship? Explain each

Back 193

Preinteraction phase- Prior to meeting client, gather info (preparing for clinical, client realizing they need medical attn.)
Orientation phase- Meet client, introduce, rapport, trust
Working phase- Use therapeutic techniques, active part of relationship, clarify feelings & concerns thru verbal & non-verbal (caring, respect, trust, confidentiality)
Termination phase- Conclusion of relationship (end of shift or patient discharge)

Front 194

Use of the statements "Tell me more about..." or "I see" encourage clients to continue talking & expressing themselves. This is called: ________ ________

Back 194

Encouraging elaboration

Front 195

Key characteristics of therapeutic communication: (5) GRE-CC

Back 195

Genuine- Don't guess if you don't know the ans.
Respect- Be flexible, meet needs of client
Empathy
Concreteness- Be specific
Confrontation- If you are unclear

Front 196

Client factors that affect effective therapeutic communication: (4) LCSP

Back 196

Language barrier
Impaired cognitive skills (developmental delays, pathology, injury to CNS)
Sensory-preceptual alterations (hearing & vision)
Physiological barriers (respiratory, dentures, cleft palate, dementia, delusions)

Front 197

T/F: If someone is having a delusion you should try to tall them back to reality

Back 197

False- You should just make sure they are safe. If someone has dementia or confusion you can talk them out of that

Front 198

Enhancing therapeutic communication: COALS ROB TVS L = SOLER

Back 198

Clarify, Observations, Assertive, Listen actively, Silence Restate, Open-ended questions, Body language Trust, Validate messages, Summarize the conversation
SOLER = Sitting, open stance, lean forward, eye contact, relax

Front 199

Facial expressions should express ________ with the message for proper ________

Back 199

congruency interpretation

Front 200

Barriers to therapeutic communication: Too many ________ ________-ended questions Asking "_____" Changing the ________ Failing to ________ Expressing ________/________ ________ ________- Don't give your opinion

Back 200

Questions
Closed
Why
Listen
Approval / Disapproval
Offering advice

Front 201

Safety is the _____ most basic human need after __________

Back 201

2nd Survival

Front 202

Joint commission mission is to improve accuracy of patient identification, improve medication safety, and reduce health-acquired infections

Back 202

Know

Front 203

Nurses attend to safety needs of: Clients in all ____________ settings ___________ workers, including ___________

Back 203

Healthcare
Healthcare
Themselves

Front 204

List Maslow's pyramid in order from most important to least important. (5)

Back 204

Physiological (survival)
Safety
Love/belonging
Esteem
Self-actualization

Front 205

Safety takes place in _____ healthcare settings. It ___________ the incidence of illness & injury Prevents ___________ length of treatment/______ Improves or maintains the ___________ status of a client Increases a client's sense of ____-________

Back 205

All
Reduces
Extended, stay
Functional
Well-being

Front 206

What are the 4 basic human needs? ONTH Describe each

Back 206

Oxygen- low or high concentration, CO
Nutrition- Proper storage, refridgeration, prep area
Temperature- Hypothermia (<95),
Hyperthermia ( 105), Normal Humidity- 60-70% comfortable, liquefies secretions, improves breathing

Front 207

List 8 physical hazards. LOBSPPTB

Back 207

Lighting- Adequate
Obstacles- Things all over the floor, clutter
Bathroom- Hand rails, shower mat, rugs
Security
Transmission of pathogens- Contact, droplet, airborne
Pollution
Terrorism
Bioterrorism

Front 208

Client safety includes knowledge of: ___________ levels- Old vs. young M, S, C ___________ choices Risks in ___________ settings

Back 208

Developmental
Mobility, sensory (sight & hearing, tactile discrimination), cognitive status
Lifestyle- Smoking, drinking, obesity, eating disorders, sexual behaviors
Healthcare Take into account mobility in infant vs. toddler vs. elderly

Front 209

Developmental factors affecting safety: Infant/Toddler (___-___) Cannot recognize ___________ ___________ exploration of environment Totally ___________ ___________ are the leading cause of death then ___________ is the 2nd most common

Back 209

1y-3y Danger Increased Dependent Car accidents Drowning

Front 210

Developmental factors affecting safety: Preschoolers (___-___) Play extends to ___________ which leads to more ______, _______, & _______ They are more ___________ ___________ are the leading COD ______ are the primary non-fatal injury

Back 210

3y-5y Outdoors, cuts, scrapes, bruises
Adventurous
Car injuries
Falls

Front 211

Developmental factors affecting safety: School age (___-___) Try new activities without ___________ More time ___________ ___________ danger ___________ are the leading COD More injuries related to ___________

Back 211

6y-12y Practice
Outside
Stranger
Car accidents
Sports

Front 212

Developmental factors affecting safety: Adolescents (___-___) False ___________, they feel ___________ ______-taking behaviors Most lack _______ judgement List some risky behaviors this age group takes. ___________ is the leading COD mostly caused by ___________ ___________ is the 2nd leading COD

Back 212

6y-12y Confidence, indestructible
Risk Adult Smoking, drinking, texting & driving, not wearing a seat belt
Unintentional injury, car accidents
Homicide

Front 213

Developmental factors affecting safety: Adults May be exposed to injury in the ___________ ___________ choices impact health in the future Some decline in _______ & ________ ___________ are the leading COD following by unintentional ___________

Back 213

Workplace
Lifestyle
Stamina, strength
Car accidents, poisoning

Front 214

Developmental factors affecting safety: Older Adults Loss of muscle _________, _______ mobility, slowing _________, ___________ losses

Back 214

Strength
Joint
Reflexes
Sensory

Front 215

In meeting the safety needs of the adolescent client, it would be most important for the nurse to focus her teaching on A) Smoking cessation B) Sports injuries C) Alcohol abuse D) Driver's ed

Back 215

D Everyone will drive, not everyone will smoke

Front 216

List the 9 factors affecting individual safety. LCBGMCVES

Back 216

Lifestyle
Cognition
Behavior
Gait
Mobility
Communication
Visual acuity
Emotional health
Safety awareness

Front 217

Safety hazards in the home: Poisoning _______ causes retardation & death (common in paint) Household ___________, lead, ___________, & cosmetics Prevention: ________ locks, store poison high, keep ___________ control phone # readily available Treatment: Depends on type of ___________ ___________ is a common culprit with children

Back 217

Lead Chemicals, medicines
Cabinet, poison
Poison ingested
Bleach

Front 218

Safety hazards in the home: Carbon Monoxide C, T, O S/S's of poisoning: HWNVBD List some examples of household items that give off CO. CO is produced by buring fuel such as _____, _____, _____, kerosene Prevention: CO ________ Treatment: 100% ___________ ________

Back 218

Colorless, tasteless, odorless
Headaches, weakness, nausea, vomitting, brain damage, death
Grills, gas water heater, camp stoves, lanterns, gas ranges & oven
Gas, wood, oil
Detector
Humidified oxygen

Front 219

Safety hazards in the home: Scalds & burns Hot _______, ________, ________, cigarettes Prevention: ___________ by the fireplace, _____ pot handles, care with ________, _________, care when warming food in the _________. Do not warm _______ food in the microwave.

Back 219

Water, grease, sunburn Guardrails, turn, candles, sunscreen, microwave Baby

Front 220

Safety hazards in the home: Fires _________ fires are the #1 fires Smoke _________ is what is most fatal in firs Prevention: _______ alarms, caution with ___________, ______ extinguisher, no candles _________, safety with holiday ________, care with ___________ cords Check the ___________ date on fire extinguishers

Back 220

Cooking Inhalation
Fire, cigarette, fire, unattended, lights, electrical expiration

Front 221

Safety hazards in the home: Falls Prevalent in those over ____ yo Things that increase the risk for a fall: Slippery ______, ______, tubs, low _______ seat, high _____, dark, clutter, sick, tired, pets, no grab ______ Prevention: ________ shoes, tidy ______, proper _________, no _______ rugs Who is at risk for falls?

Back 221

65 floors, stairs, toliet, bed, bars
Non-skid, clothes, lighting, scatter
Elederly, vision, hypotension, dizzy, pain, alcohol, cognitive impairment, arthritis, polypharmacy, gait, balance, 80+yrs

Front 222

Safety hazards in the home: Firearms Youth ________, domestic ________
Prevention: Firearms ________ education for parents & ________, proper ________ storage, keep ___________ separate

Back 222

Suicides, violence
Safety, children, locked, ammunition

Front 223

Safety hazards in the home: Suffocation/Asphyiation ___________, choking, smoke/gas ___________ Child ___-___ are at the highest risk Prevention: Watch for small, ___________ parts, cut food into ______ pieces, pay attention to mobiles, _______, _______, and plastics, barrier to the _______.

Back 223

Drowning, inhalation 0-4yrs
Removable, tiny, cords, strings, pool

Front 224

Safety hazards in the home: Take-home Toxins ___________ microorganisms, ___________, lead, mercury, aresenic, ___________ Prevention: Be aware of ___________ preventative measures, Remove ______ clothing, ________ if appropriate, _______ Can be transmitted by direct ______ contact, ___________ such as ticks, and _____ particles such as ___________

Back 224

Pathogenic, asbestos, pesticides
Workplace, work, shower, gloves Skin, vectors, dust, anthrax

Front 225

A child has had the hiccups for 2 hours. Is this a sign of suspected ingestion of poison? A) Yes B) No

Back 225

No- Just feel bad for the child

Front 226

Safety hazards in the community: Car accidents Causes: Failure to use _________, use of ________, ___________ accidents, nondeployment of ________ Prevetions: Avoid ___________, use a ___________ driver, use ____ belts, use proper age ___________ This is the leading COD in ___ yr

Back 226

Seatbelts, alcohol, pedestrian, airbag
Distractions, designated, seat, restraints
1yr

Front 227

Safety hazards in the community: Community acquired pathogens _____-borne, _____-borne, and ______-borne Prevention: Proper _______, cleaning, and ________ of foods; clean _______ surfaces Drain standing ________, insect ___________, protect skin contact with _______; wipe out ___________ areas List some examples of vectors

Back 227

Food, vector, water Storage, cooking, cooking
Water, repellents, insects, breeding
Mosquitos, insects, animals, birds, fleas, ticks, lice, roaches

Front 228

Safety hazards in the community: Pollution A, W, N, S - give an example of each Prevention: Proper disposal and ___________ of solid wastes, ___________ safe products, car pool, ________ transportation, ear ______

Back 228

Air- Vehicles, factories, CO, mites, mold, pets
Water- Lakes, river, streams; affects food production
Noise- Traffic, planes, garbage trucks, construction, music
Soil- Pesticides, animal, radioactive, medical wastes Recycling, environmentally, public, plugs

Front 229

Safety hazards in the community: Electrical Storms Prevention: During a storm, seek the _______ spot possible, seek shelter in a ________ away from ________, do not use _______ objects

Back 229

Lowest
Building
Water
Metal

Front 230

List the 10 safety hazards in healthcare. FEFERRMMCP

Back 230

Falls
Equipment related accidents
Fires
Electrical hazards
Restraints
Side rails
Mercury poisoning
Medical errors
Chemical errors
Procedural accidents

Front 231

Can restraints be chemical in nature? A) Yes B) No

Back 231

Yes

Front 232

How often should restraints be reordered? How often should a patient be released from restraints?

Back 232

24 hours 2 hrs and massage the area

Front 233

T/F: In a nursing home, hand rails are considered restraints

Back 233

True
Do not put handrails up in a nursing home unless there is a Dr.'s order. If the pateint wants handrails document it

Front 234

T/F: In a hospital, handrails are never used

Back 234

False
In a hospital handrails are always used

Front 235

In a hospital fire, what does RACE stand for?

Back 235

Rescue
Activate
Confine
Extinguish

Front 236

Review the types of medication errors on the last page of the notes for chaper 21

Back 236

Review

Front 237

Review the 2012 patient safety goals online relating to chapter 21

Back 237

Review

Front 238

When implementing the use of restraints on a hospitalized client, the nurse should A) Restrain all confused clients so that they do not sustain a fall or injury B) Tie the restraint to the bottom of a side rail C) Ensure the primary care provider renews orders every 24 hrs D) Release the restraints & provide skin care once every shift

Back 238

C

Front 239

What are the 4 safety hazards for healthcare workers? BNRV

Back 239

Back injury
Needlestick
Radiation
Violence

Front 240

A family is ____ individuals who provide __________, __________, __________, or spiritual support while maintaining involvement in each others lives They _____ or _______ be blood relatives A family can be defined __________, __________, or as a __________ network with personally contructed ties & ideologies

Back 240

2+ physical, emotional, economic may, may not biologically, legally, social

Front 241

What does the nuclear family traditoinally consist of in America? Is this the same in all countries?

Back 241

A mom, dad, and child
No, in other cultures the nuclear family may include extended family

Front 242

For nursing, family is those the client identifies as __________ or __________ others

Back 242

Family
Significant

Front 243

What are the 3 concepts of family?

Back 243

Diversity
Durability
Resilency- Family can overcome obstacles

Front 244

What are the 12 family structures T D S S B M C E G S G A

Back 244

Traditional nuclear
Dual-earner
Single-parent
Stepfamiles
Blended familes
Married couples with no children
Cohabiting adults
Extended family sharing a dwelling
Grandparents raising grandchildren
Single individuals sharing a household
Gay or lesbian couples
People of adopt children

Front 245

What are the 8 family functions? ERPCSCRH

Back 245

Economic survival
Reproduction
Protection
Cultural heritage
Socialization of the young
Conferring states
Relationships Health

Front 246

Current trends in families: Families are __________ Women are __________ childbirth Couples are having ____ children __________ rates have tripled since 1950's Remarriage results in __________ families __________ parent families are prevelant __________ couples are family units __________ is aging

Back 246

Smaller
Delaying
No
Divorce
Blended
Single
Homosexual
America

Front 247

What is the fastest growing homeless population?

Back 247

Single parents with children

Front 248

Factors affecting families *E, P, U H FV, N A vs. C, D T HIV and other infectious diseases End of life care Give an example of an A vs. D disease

Back 248

Economy, poverty, unemployment
Homelessness
Family violence, neglect
Acute Vs. Chronic illness, disability
Trauma

Tonsilitis vs. cystic fibrosis

Front 249

The family and health: Many factors influence __________ Class & __________ produce different access to the __________ system The family's __________, __________, and practices influence __________ behaviors

Back 249

health ethnicity, healthcare values, beliefs, health

Front 250

It is important for the nurse to understand the structure of the clients family so they can A) Address the various family members correctly B) Tailor visiting hours to family needs C) Avoid embarassing moments during client interventions D) Develop a hollistic plan that includes the whole family

Back 250

D

Front 251

Nursing process: __________ needs of family Use a family __________ approach Be aware of challenges:

Back 251

Assess
Focused

Front 252

Model of family assessment: __________ assessment- Relates to theories discussed __________ assessment- The family is a __________ system. An indivudal is going to act the way they were socialized when growing up __________ assessment Charateristics of a __________ family assessment

Back 252

Developmental
Structural, social
Functional
Healthy

Front 253

Family Interview: Some principles used when interviewing a __________ apply to the __________ interview Begins by establishing _________ with the family Helpful to have ____ family members present A family interview allows the nurse to identify family __________, __________ areas, & the need for __________ assessment & referral

Back 253

Client, family
Trust
All
Strengths, problem, additional

Front 254

Developmental Assessment: __________ stages within the life cycles of every family; each stage has __________ tasks Guide to assessment: Determine the familys __________ based on the __________ childs age Consider the family member's health __________ in the context of the __________ stage Determine if family members are meeting __________ of the stage Identify nursing __________ that assist the family in meeting __________ tasks

Back 254

Predictable, developmental
Stage, oldest Problems, developmental
Tasks Interventions, developmental

Front 255

Developmental assessment: Stages of a family life cycle Forming a partnership to Aging family 8 Stages all together

Back 255

Forming a partnership
Childbearing
Preschool
School age
Teenage
Launching center
Middle-aged parents
Aging family

Front 256

Structural family assessment: Defines the __________ family members, their ______, ages, and the __________ among those who live __________ Can be illustrated thru a __________ __________ can illustrate sources of social support and family stressors

Back 256

Immediate, names, relationships, together
Genogram
Ecomaps

Front 257

Functional assessment: 6 family functions are considered A HP E R SP FC

Back 257

Affective
Health care and physical necessities
Economics
Reproduction
Socialization and placement Family coping

Front 258

Nursing diagnosis: After the family interview & __________ are completed & __________, the nurse can identify family __________ & needs Assessment & __________ of the needs of the family are __________ on the familys impact on the care & __________ of the client The nurse can arrive at the appropriate __________ diagnosis

Back 258

Assessment, analyzed, strengths Identification, focused, recovery
NANDA- North America Nursing Diagnosis Association

Front 259

Planning: The primary intent is to define _______ in relation to the care of the _______ The __________ may benefit from these goals but they are not the primary concern __________ goal setting in which the family & the client is included is the cornerstone of effective planning

Back 259

Goals, client
Family
Mutual

Front 260

Nursing Interventions: __________: Involve the act of knowing, __________, and understanding __________: Has to do with feelings, __________ & values __________: Those that have to do with skills & __________

Back 260

Cognitive, perceiving
Affective, attitudes
Behavioral, behaviors

Front 261

Evalution: _______ effort of the nurse, family, & other caregivers Is the plan successful or does it need __________? What additional _____ are required to evaluate progress? Did the nursing __________ focus on the most important problem for this family as it relates to the potentional for the client to do self care?

Back 261

Joint
Refinement
Data
Diagnosis

Front 262

According to structual-functional theory, families function differently in the various stages of the family life cycle. A) True B) False

Back 262

B
This is the definition of developmental stages

Front 263

Two things motivate individuals to participate in health behaviors: 1) Behaviors directed toward __________ the level of well-being 2) Behaviors directed toward __________ the chances of a specfic illness or dysfunction

Back 263

Increasing
Decreasing

Front 264

Family health: A condition including the __________ and __________ of physical, mental, spiritual, and social health for the family members

Back 264

promotion
maintenance

Front 265

Health risks: Factors that determine or influence whether __________ or other __________ results occur

Back 265

Disease
Unhealthy results

Front 266

______ ____ __________: Process of identifying & analyzing an individuals prognostic charcteristics of health determining the likelihood of them developing certain health problems later in life

Back 266

Health risk appraisal

Front 267

______ _____ __________: Apply select interventions to decrease risk factors for disease & premature mortality

Back 267

Health risk reduction

Front 268

______-______ _____: Age-related risks to a person's health that often occur during transition from one developmental stage to another

Back 268

Life-event risk
Examples include pregnancy, menopause, kids going to college

Front 269

_______ ______: Situation where the demands exceed the resources & capacity of coping of the family

Back 269

Family Crisis
Examples: Spouse is injured or dies, divorce

Front 270

What are the health risk factors for childness and childbearing couples?

Back 270

Adapting to new roles as parents
Less husband wife time

Front 271

What are the health risk factors for families with young children?

Back 271

Financial difficulties
Illness & injuries- Immunizations
Decreased husband/wife time

Front 272

What are the health risk factors for families with adolescents and young adults? (3)

Back 272

Risk-taking behaviors
Aging grandparents
Transitions between dependence & independence

Front 273

What are the health risk factors of families with older adults? (3)

Back 273

Falls & trauma risks
Risk for social isolation
Maintaining good nutrition

Front 274

Family nursing is a specialty area with a strong _______ base; it is more than just ________ ________ Family nursing requires __________

Back 274

theory, common sense
collaboration

Front 275

Challenges to family health: P______ & U__________ Infectious __________ __________ illness & __________ H__________ Family __________ & neglect

Back 275

Poverty, unemployment
Diseases
Chronic, disability
Homelessness
Family violence

Front 276

What eradicated diseases are making a comeback? why?

Back 276

Polio, measles, small pox, TB
Incompliance with immunizations

Front 277

What are the 12 components of a family health assessment? What can be used to illustrate family health? Identifying ______ Family __________ Family ________ & __________ stage __________ data Family __________ Family __________ Health beliefs, ______ & _________ Family __________ & coping Abuse & __________ within the family Family __________ patterns __________ role strain Social __________

Back 277

Identifying data
Family composition
Family history & developmental stage
Environmental data
Family structure- communication, power, roles, structures
Family functions
Health beliefs, values, and behaviors
Family stressors & coping
Abuse & violence
Family communication patterns
Caregiver role strain
Social isolation
A genogram

Front 278

T/F: You should not involve the family in every stage of the nursing process

Back 278

False

Front 279

When promoting family wellness you should provide __________ material as well as ______ material

Back 279

written
oral

Front 280

When giving parents advice of what to expect from their child as the child develops this is called...

Back 280

anticipatory guidance

Front 281

Which of the following nursing interventions would be effective when dealing with the family members of a critically ill client? A) Involve in family members in care conferences about the clients care B) Complete all of the clients care so the family is not inconvenienced

Back 281

A

Front 282

Future implications for family nursing: More family-centered __________ needs to be conducted Government actions that have _______ or _______ effect on families are called family _______ Most government policy _______ affects families

Back 282

Research
Direct, indirect, policy
Indirectly

Front 283

What are the two significant barriers to family nursing?

Back 283

Narrow definition of family used by HC provides and the government
Lack of consensus of a healthy family

Front 284

Applying the family functions to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following interventions would be the priority of the nurse when working with a homeless family? A) Referral & follow-up by assisting the family to find housing B) Health teaching parenting skills C) Couseling regarding self esteem issues D) Health teaching the family to properly use a car seat for their infant

Back 284

A

Front 285

Using table 4-3, choose which family developmental task would be the focus for assessing a family with preschool children A) Adapting to the needs of children in growth producing ways B) Establishing outside interests & career C) Rebuilding marital bond D) Encouraging the childs achievement

Back 285

A

Front 286

Which of the following questions is a component of a functional assessment of a family? A) Are role relationships structured appropriately B) What is the family composition C) Does the family have the economic resources required to provide for basic needs of the family? D) What are the ages of the children in the family?

Back 286

C
The 6 family functions that must be considered during a functional assessment are affective, HC & physical necessities, economics, reproduction, socialization & placement, & family coping

Front 287

__________ refers to the physical changes that occur over time __________ refers to the proces of adapting to ones body and the environment

Back 287

Growth
Development

Front 288

Growth is the __________ aspect of development.

Back 288

Physical

Front 289

A child comes to recognize right from wrong or decides on a vocation and an elderly decides on retirement. These are examples of __________

Back 289

Growth

Front 290

Growth & development usually follow an __________ & __________ pattern

Back 290

Orderly
Predictable

Front 291

Growth follows a __________ pattern, beginning at the ______ and progressing toward to _______, ______, and lower __________

Back 291

Cephalocaudal
Head
Chest
Trunk
Lower extremities

Front 292

__________ proceeds in a __________ pattern beginning at the center of the ______ and moving __________

Back 292

Development
Proximodistal
Body
Outward

Front 293

Simple skills develop __________ & __________ Later they are __________ into more complex skills An example of this would be __________ yourself. This is a combination of many simple skills

Back 293

Separately
Independently
Integrate
Feeding

Front 294

Each body system grows at its _____ _____. An example of this would be the onset of __________.

Back 294

Own rate
Puberty

Front 295

Body system functions become increasingly __________ over time. An example of this would be the newborn ________ reflex whereas the adult would just _______ their _____

Back 295

Differentiated
Startle
Cover, ears

Front 296

The theorist Havighurst was responsible for what theory? He states that failure to master a task leads to....

Back 296

Developmental theory
Unhappiness of the individual, difficulty mastering future tasks, & poor interactions with others

Front 297

The theorist Freud was responsible for what theory? He identified ___ stages of __________ development He believed in instinctual drives such as libido, __________, & __________

Back 297

Psychoanalytic Theory
5, psychosexual
Aggression, survival

Front 298

Freud believed the personality consisted of 3 different parts. What were these? Explain.

Back 298

Id- Instinctual urges, what you are born with
Ego- What is wanted vs. what is possible 4-6m
Superego- Our conscience, 5-6y

Front 299

What theory was the theorist Piaget responsible for? What 3 core competencies did he believe in? He believed __________ development occured from birth to __________ over a period of ____ stages

Back 299

Cognitive development theory
Adaptation, assimilation, accommodation
Cognitive, adolescent, 4

Front 300

What are the 4 stages piaget believed in?

Back 300

Sensorimotor
Preoperational thought
Concrete operations
Formal operations

Front 301

What were Havighursts 6 stages of life?

Back 301

Infants & toddlers
Pre-school & School-age
Adolescents Young adults
Middle adults
Older adults

Front 302

What theory was theorist Erikson responsible for? He stated a person must master ____ stages as they progress thru life.

Back 302

Psychosocial Development theory 8

Front 303

What are Erikson's 8 stages of life? At what ages do they occur?

Back 303

Trust vs. Mistrust (birth-18m)
Autonomy vs. Shame (18m-3y)
Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5y)
Industry vs. Inferiority (6-11y)
Identity vs. Role confusion (11-21y)
Intimacy vs. Isolation (21-40y)
Generativity vs. Stagnation (40-65y)
Ego integrity vs. Despair (65+)

Front 304

Theorists Kohlberg & Carol Gilligan were both responsible for what theory? How did the stages in their theories differ?

Back 304

Moral development theory
Kohlberg-Preconventional, Conventional, Postconventional (autonomous or principled)
Gilligan- Caring for oneself, caring for others, caring for oneself & others Read more in the extended discussion

Front 305

REVIEW ALL TABLES IN Extended Discussion chapter 9

Back 305

Review

Front 306

What theory was James Fowler responsible for?

Back 306

Spiritual development theory

Front 307

The period from conception to birth is refered to as the __________

Back 307

Gestational period

Front 308

The first 8 weeks of pregnancy is the __________ phase

Back 308

Embryonic phase

Front 309

By the end of 8 weeks, all _______ are formed and the embryo is now called a _______

Back 309

Organs
Fetus

Front 310

Subcutaneous fat is added in the _______ trimester

Back 310

Third

Front 311

The well-being of the growing fetus depends entirely on the health of the ________ for ________ & ________

Back 311

Placenta
Oxygen
Nutrients

Front 312

In the first trimester their is a shift in the hormones __________ & __________

Back 312

Estrogen
Progesterone

Front 313

During second trimester the uterus enlarges and _______________ of the skin occurs

Back 313

Hyperpigmentation

Front 314

During the second trimester the women may feel mild contractions called _______ _______

Back 314

Braxton hicks

Front 315

During the third trimester, breasts begin to produce & secrete __________ in preparation for __________

Back 315

Colostrum
Lactation

Front 316

Blood circulating thru the placenta carries __________ & __________ to the fetus & __________ & __________ wastes away from the fetus

Back 316

Oxygen, nutrients
Toxins, metabolic wastes

Front 317

__________ are substances that interfere with normal growth & devlopment

Back 317

Teratogens

Front 318

Poor glucose control during pregnancy may lead to ______ ______ & _______ defects as well as ______ for gestational age infants

Back 318

Neural tube, heart Large

Front 319

Women who are at a higher risk for a fetus with a birth defect are those with __________ maternal age (____years), family history of congenital __________, maternal __________ with ______ use, viral infection during pregnancy, and exposure to high levels of __________

Back 319

Advanced, 40
Anomalies
Diabetes, insulin
Radiation

Front 320

Each prenatal visit is an opportunity for patient __________

Back 320

Education

Front 321

Increasing _____ _____ reduces the risk for neural tube defect

Back 321

Folic acid

Front 322

What are the 7 major health problems in children?

Back 322

Obesity
Injuries & accidents
Abuse & neglect
Acute illness
Alterations in behavior
Tobacco use
Asthma

Front 323

Children- Nutrition: Factors influencing __________ Nutritional __________
Nutrition during __________
Types of __________ feeding
Nutrition during __________
__________ nutritional needs

Back 323

Nutrition
Assessment
Infancy
Infant
Childhood
Adolescent

Front 324

Children- Immunizations: Routine immunization of every child has been very __________ in preventing select __________ Successful immunization programs combine ____-______ or ______ immunizations at convenient times & locations Repeatedly urging parents to obtain __________ for their children is important

Back 324

Successful, diseases
Low-cost, free Immunizations

Front 325

Children- Environmental Hazards: _____ poisoning in the most common environmental health hazard P__________ Poor _____ quality __________ air pollutants

Back 325

Lead
Pesticides
Air
Indoor

Front 326

Children's Health- Homeless families & children: __________ make up the fastest growing homeless population 25%-40% of homeless are __________ Often a __________ mother with __________ Homeless child syndrome: Resulting in poor __________, __________ dangers, v_______, & s______

Back 326

Families
Families
Single, children
Nutrition, Environment dangers, Violence, Stress

Front 327

Women's Health: Includes the _______ life span, health __________, m__________ & r__________. Women's health is releated to b_________, _______ & c________ dimensions of a women's life. _________ Health Movement was pivotal in bringing national recognition to womens health issues:
________ control
19__'s
Roe v. ______
National women's health network

Back 327

Entire, promotion, maintenance, restoration
Biological, Social, Cultural
Women's
Birth Control
1960's
Roe v. Wade

Front 328

Women's Health Concerns: R__________ health M__________ O__________ ________ Cancer Female genital __________ Health disparities among special groups of women:
Women of c_____
I__________ women
L__________
Women with d__________
O______ women

Back 328

Reproductive health
Menopause
Osteoporosis
Breast
Mutilation
Color
Incarcerated
Lesbians
Women with disabilities
Older women

Front 329

Men's Health: A h_______, c__________ approach that addresses the physical, m_______, e_________, s_______, and spiritual life experiences of men throughout their life span Men are r_________ to seek care. This __________ their risk & severity of illness

Back 329

Hollistic, comprehensive, mental, emotional, social Reluctant, increases

Front 330

Men's health concerns: ________ cancer; Older men ________ cancer; Younger men

Back 330

Prostate
Testicular

Front 331

Shared health concerns: M_________ C__________ disease Risk factors for ____ S_______ __________ mellitus Mental health Cancer ____, _____, STDs Accidents & injuries W______ control

Back 331

Mortality
Cardiovascular disease
CFD
Stroke
Diabetes
HIV, AIDS
Weight

Front 332

Older Adult's Health: The population of America ____ is steadily growing. This is accompanied by an __________ in chronic conditions, __________ demand for services & strained health care b_______ Most older adults live in the __________ Nurses focus on maintaining or improving _____-care & maintaining the __________ quality of life possible

Back 332

65+ Increase, greater, budget
Community
Self, highest

Front 333

Vulnerable Populations: People have __________ genetic compositions, s______ & e_________ resources, skills, __________ system, & access to ________ services People with lower income & lower education are at a __________ risk for health problems A goal in the US is to __________ health disparities by expanding access to __________

Back 333

Different, social, environment, support, health Increased Eliminate, healthcare

Front 334

Definition & Influencing factors: ____________: Susceptibility to actual or potential stressors that may lead to an adverse effect Results from the interaction of i_______ & e________ factors that cause a person to be susceptible to poor health __________ __________: Those groups with increased risk for developing adverse health outcomes

Back 334

Vulnerability Internal, external
Vulnerable population

Front 335

Vulnerable Populations: ______ likely to develop health problems More __________ to risk factors because they are often exposed to __________ risk factors More likely to suffer from health __________

Back 335

More
Sensitive
Cumulative
Disparities

Front 336

Predisposing Factors: Social & economic factors p________ people to vulnerability _________ is a primary cause of vulnerability and is a growing problem in the US Poor people have __________ rates of chronic illness _____ is related to vulnerability because people at both ends of the spectrum are less able physiologically to adapt to stressors

Back 336

Predispose
Poverty
Higher
Age

Front 337

Outcomes of Vulnerability: Outcomes of vulnerability can be __________, such as lower health status or they may be __________ with effective interventions __________ populations have worse health outcomes than other people in terms of m_______ & m_______ Often there is a _______ to vulnerability

Back 337

Negative, positive
Vulnerable, morbidity, mortality
Cycle

Front 338

Public Policies Affecting Vulnerable Populations: S_______ S_______ Act of 1935: Created the largest federal support program for _______ & poor Americans Social Security Act __________ of 1965: Medicare & Medicaid B__________ B________ Act of 1977: Influenced the use of resources for providing health services

Back 338

Social Security, elderly
Amendments
Balanced Budget

Front 339

Nursing Interventions: Trend toward providing more comprehensive, f_______-centered services when treating vulnerable populations; "____-______" services ______-around services C__________ services: Focus on more than one health problem A__________ S_______ justice

Back 339

Family,
One-Stop
Wrap
Comprehensive
Advocacy
Social

Front 340

Levels of prevention: Having a primary care provider who c__________ health services & provides p_________ services

Back 340

Coordinates Preventative

Front 341

Assessment Issues: Nurses work as p__________ with vulnerable clients to identify client s__________ & needs & develops intervention strategies designed to break the c_______ of vulnerability. Assessment should include:

Back 341

Partners, strengths, cycle

Front 342

Planning & Implementing Care for Vulnerable Populations: Create a t________ environment
Show r_______, compassion & concern
Do not make a__________
C__________ services & providers
A__________ for accessible HC services
Focus on p__________
Know what r__________ are available
Develop your own s_______ network

Back 342

Trusting
Respect
Assumption
Coordinate
Advocate
Prevention
Resources
Support

Front 343

Wheezing

Back 343

High pitched continuous, usually heard on expiration

Front 344

Ronchi

Back 344

Low pitched, continuous, usually heard on inspiration, caused by fluid in the lungs Cleared with a cough

Front 345

Crackles

Back 345

Discontinuous, usually heard on inspiration High-pitched pooping or low-pitched bubbling/crackling

Front 346

Stridor

Back 346

Piercing high-pitched sound, obstructed airways, usually heard on inspiration Most serious sound

Front 347

Stertor

Back 347

Labored breathing that makes a snoring sound

Front 348

__________ to a family member
__________
__________ sensitivity
Implement- role of __________ regarding health __________, acute care, & __________ care

Back 348

Delegation, Collaboration, Cultural Educator, promotion, restorative Figure out who is the family spokeperson Teach the family about diet, exercise, psychosocial issues, etc.

Front 349

Assessment should include:
S______________ resources
P__________ health needs
C__________ & genetic predisposition to illness
Amount of s______
Living e____________/ neighborhood

Back 349

Socioeconomic
Preventative
Congenital
Stress
Environment