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98 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
4 things jesus tells the disciples after the pentecost (holy sunday)
-Spread the word
-Preach my message
-be my witness
-go to the ends of the earth to do it
3 things that the Pentecost reperesents
-50 days after easter
-the day that the holy spirit descended upon those in the upper room
-the birthday of the church
1 way the church views itself
-as a community
3 practices of converts to Christianity
-sell everything
-give the money to the apostles
-use the money for those in need
2 groups of people in authority of Christianity
-apostles
-12 deacans (chosen to assist the church and the apostles)
2 hostilities that Christians face
-christians are martyred
-christians are arrested
1 man who leads the spreading of Christianity to the gentiles
-paul
1 message that Christianity promotes
-love and equality (appeals to the lower class)
1 rumor about the Christians
-they are cannibals
2 rulers of Christianity to be martyred by nero first
-peter
-paul
2 results of nero’s persecution of the Christians
-people sympathize with Christians
-people begin to investigate and convert
4 cities that become important centers of Christianity
-rome (leading city with the leading bishop)
-anctioch
-alexandria
-constantinople (eventually)
4 reasons that the bishop of rome becomes the leader of the church
-he is the bishop of the most important city in the empire
-the 2 most important saints have ties to rome and rome alone (Peter and Paul)
-when other cities or bishops had questions or problems they abided by the answer of the bishop of rome
-the leadership role of the pope is given to him
3 reasons why Jerusalem is not an important center of Christianity
-the roman emperor (Hadrian) burned it down
-the roman emperor built a pagan city right over it
-the roman emperor forbade any jewish entry into the city
1 reason that christianity spread so quickly
-the religion adopted and adapted ‘things’ (locations, holidays, etc) to draw people into the religion
2 things that Diocletian (emperor of rome) does
-persecutes Christians
-breaks rome into 4 sections with 4 rulers (when diocletian dies, the 4 sections of rome break into civil war{1 of the rulers is Constantine})
1 vision that Constantine sees before he goes into battle
-has a vision of the Christian cross
2 ways that Constantine reacts to the vision of the cross
-has his army put the cross on their shields to help them win the battle
-constantine, after becoming the sole emperor of rome, issues the edict of Milan (christianity is now a legal religion)
2 reasons why christianity becomes Constantine's preferred religion
-his mother Helena was a Christian
-he believes christianity gave him victory in battle
5 things that Constantine decides to do as emperor of rome and converted christian
-returns confiscated power
-returns confiscated lands
-supports and pays for the building of churches
-gives the bishop of rome a palace to live in
-builds the bishop of romes cathedral
4 ways that the church becomes intertwined with the state (because of Constantine)
-constantine calls the first council at nicea, not the bishop of rome
-church approval is needed to be the legitimate ruler of any country
-bishops and priests are royal advisors
-bishops are actual rulers (Pope rules the papal states)
4 ways that the church (the only legitimate power left in the west because Constantine moved the capital to Constantinople) defends western rome against the barbarians
-defends the west
-protects the citizens
-assist refugees
-negotiate with barbarian leaders
3 layers of the power structure in European society
-monarch
-nobles
-peasants
4 layers of power structure in the church (adopted when the church started acting like an European state {imperial church/imperial papacy})
-pope
-cardinals/bishops
-priests and others (ordained)
-laity (anyone who is not ordained)
3 things that emperor Theodosius does in eastern rome
-makes christianity the only legal religion
-makes all other religions outlawed
-forces people to convert to christianity or face persecution
3 situations that rise in the middle ages that the church has to respond to
-rise of islam
-orthodox schism
-protestant reformation
1 definition of the crusades
-wars that were sanctioned by the church to free the holy land of muslim control (a muslim leader was denying the access of Christians and jews to enter the holy land)
2 major groups involved in the orthodox schism (first major split in church unity)
-roman catholic chuch
-orthodox church(s)
3 things that the orthodox schism is not based on
-faith
-belief
-theology
3 reasons why the roman catholic church and the orthodox churches are the same
-7 sacraments
-the same saints
-the same theologians
5 things that the orthodox schism is based on
-geography/loaction
-language
-practice/tradition
-initiation
-mindset/viewpoint
4 backgrounds that Martin Luthor represents
-catholic priest who belonged to an order called the augustians
-german
-college professor who taught theology
-expert in paul and his epistles
2 of martin luthor’s 95 problems with the church (most important)
-church’s sale of indulgences
-church’s sale of holy relics
1 scripture that martin luthor writes in response to not finding a biblical basis for his 95 problems with the church
-sola scripture (scripture alone is the arbiter of faith)
2 sacraments of the Lutheran church (gets rid of the other 5 because there is no biblical foundation)
-baptism
-eucharist
1 way that the church responds to the protestant reformation
-the counter reformation (led by an ecumenical council{a meeting of the entire church at least as represented by all the bishops})
3 reforms that the council of trent brings (meets over about 20 yrs)
-limited bishops to 1 diocese
-revitalized priestly education
-clarified teachings (7 sacraments)
2 religious orders that are established
-jesuits
-vincentians (congregation of the mission)
2 purposes of the Jesuits and the vincentians
-promote education
-help the poor
6 negative effects on the church’s viewpoint
-nationalism
-scientific revolution
-age of reason/enlightenment
-secular humanism
-atheistic socialism
-number of poltical revolutions
2 reactions of the church to the negative effects
-becomes very defensive
-becomes very rigid in its teachings
Biblical Notation
(Name of Book)(Chapter #):(Verses)

Genesis 1: 15-21
(PX)
christ
(PX)ian
christian
(PX)ianity
christianity
O.T.
old testament
N.T
new testament
3 pieces of information about the bible
-Sacred Scriptures = Holy Writings
-comes from the Greek term Ta Biblios (The Books)
-Catholic Bibles Contain 73 Books with 2 sections, the O.T.(Hebrew Scriptures) and the N.T.(Christian Scriptures)
2 ways to read scripture
-literal interpretation
-contextual interpretation
literal interpretation
Believe scripture is 100% true and accurate as written
contextual interpretation
Believe scripture is 100% true and accurate as written (prefered)
3 literacy forms of the bible with examples
-Legal codes (10 commandments)
-Epics (Noah’s arc)
-Allegory (Adam and eve)
11 reasons why we should study scripture
-is the basis for the 3 monotheistic faiths
-contains salvation history
-helps us understand god’s will
-helps to be culturally literate
-helps to find answers to eternal questions
-helps create, strengthen, and restore faith
-helps form their personal moral code
-for catholics, helps form the basis of church teaching (pope)
-for catholics, helps form their ritual and prayer life (mass)
-for western civ, has inspired much music
-for western civ, has inspired much artwork
2 purposes of the 10 commandments
-It represents the covenant: the agreement between you and god
-Controls relationship with god and others
(Relationships with god: Commandments 1-3, Relationships with others: Commandments 4-10)
4 ways that jesus summarized the 10 commandments in the new testament
-Love god with your whole heart, mind and soul
-Love your neighbor as you love yourself
-Teach other nations
-Control the covenant
4 catagories of the old testament
-pentateuch (the torah, the law, the law of moses)
-history
-prophets
-wisdom
5 books that make up the pentateuch
-Genesis
-Exodus
-Leviticus
-Numbers
-Deuteronomy
purpose of the history books
Tells us the history of the Jewish people from a religious perspective meaning that good things happen if the covenant is followed
2 types of prophets
-major
-minor
difference between major and minor prophets
the length of their book (has the same message)
purpose of the wisdom books
to answer eternal questions
7 books that make up the wisdom books (catholic bible)
-Job
-psalms
-proverbs
-sirach
-song of songs
-ecclesiasties
-wisdom of soloman
3 stages of the old testament
-oral tradition
-writing
-editing
problem with oral tradition
Duplicate accounts: 2 or more versions of the same story
4 reasons why we use oral tradition if it has so many problems
-Convenience
-Hebrews were nomads (moved very often)
-Hebrews were slaves (apx 400yrs)
-Oral tradition was their entertainment
reason why writing becomes the new form of keeping record
David becomes king of Israel so they are no longer slaves or nomads
2 reasons why editing becomes the dominant form of keeping record
-They take these huge stack of papers and try to make a sensible book (Check spelling, check facts, determine if it makes sense with their monotheistic tradition)
- The Septuagint [greek for old testament] is formed (1st century ad; the book that jesus read)(another name for the catholic old testament)
2 purposes of the new testament
-how the earily church camp came to understood who jesus was
-presents some church history
4 catagories of books in the new testament
-gospels
-history (acts)
-epistles (largest catagory of books in NT)
-book of revelation
3 things that the history books in the new testament tell us
-Tells us some history of the church
-Tells us how Christianity begins in Jerusalem and spreads
-Tells us some problems that the earily church faced
definition of the epistles
letters from earily Christian leaders to earily Christian centers
2 divisions of the epistles
-Pauline (letters of paul)
-Catholic (letters to the universal church)
4 reasons thats the epistles were written
-To keep in contact with people
-To teach or clarify a teaching
-To congratulate communities
-To castigate
type of literature in the book of revelation
apocalyptic
reason that revelations is hard to understand
Was written in a lot of code because it was in a time of roman persecution [Ex: numbers(666), animals(the beast)]
2 purposes of revelation
-Not intended to be read literally and not to be read for a description of the end of the world
-Intended to give hope and encouragement to those being persecuted
cannon
complete new testament
vulgate
complete bible in latin; old testament and new testament
5 criterias that were used to include/exclude books
-apostolic orgin
-liturgical use
-universal acceptance
-consisten message
-constant use
apostolic orgin criteria
the gospels or the books be traced back to one of the apostles?
liturgical use criteria
Was the book used during mass?
universal acceptance criteria
Was the book accepted universally?
consistent message criteria
Was the message one that is consistent?
constant use criteria
Was the book in constant use?
first christian martyred
St. Stephen
2 things that happen in 1958
-pope pias XII dies
-pope john XXIII is elected
3 reasons why john XXIII was a different kind of pope
-son of poor peasant farmers
-more pastoral than autocratic - concerned about more people and their needs and problems
-he even looked diffent
2 reasons why john XXIII was elected
-he is old
-he is sick
major reason why the conclave selected john XXIII
he was the temporary solution to the conclave's problem (2/3 majority). They thought that john would only be around for a couple of yrs and that he would not do anything radical
the radical thing that john XXIII did
called for an ecumenical council (VATICAN II) within months of his election
4 purposes of the ecumenical council (VATICAN II) that john XXIII called for
-update the church
-bring the church into the modern world
-how can the church become more relevant to people?
-how should the church respond to the modern world and its problems?
2 major points about the purpose of vatican II
-COUNCIL WAS NOT TO CHANGE CHURCH TEACHING!
-CHANGED HOW IT IS PRESENTED AND PUT FOURTH!
6 reasons why vatican II is unique and revolutionary
-the largest council ever held (2500+ bishops)
-first time all 6 permanently inhabited continents were represented (different places do things differently
-most of the world's nationalities and cultures are represented
-non-catholics invited as observers (orthodox, protestant, jewish, muslim, buddist, hindu observers)
-members of the laity were invited as observers
-its purpose is different
2 reasons why the purpose of vatican II is different
-how we look at the church itself (the nature of the church - what is this entity we call the church?)
-the mission of the church (what is the job, duty, and work of the church)
3 reasons that prior councils to vatican II were called for
-defend church teaching
-condeme
-clarify church teaching because of problems
how vatican II updated the church
vatican II's purpose to update the church and bring it into the modern world

to update the church, council fathers look back in history and determine how the church viewed itself in its earliest days? (1st century)
what was its mission and how was authority exercised(used) in this period?
2 differences between the eariliest church and the church today
-the earily church viewed itself as a community
-authority in the early church was exercised in a collegial manner (collegiality - the sharing of authority among a group {of equals})
successor to john XXIII
paul VI (continued the works of john XXIII)