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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
List the chain of infection (6 steps)
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1. etiologic agent
2. reservoir 3. portal of exit 4. method of transmission 5. portal of entry to susceptible host 6. susceptible host |
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Airborne transmission
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Droplet nuclei or dust particles containing an infectious agent transmitted by air currents to a suitable portal of entry, usually the respiratory tract of another person.
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Antiseptics
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An agent that inhibits the growth of some microorganisms.
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Asepsis
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Freedom from infection or infectious material.
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Body substance isolation (BSI)
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A system of infection control based on the principle that all people have increased risk for infection from microorganisms placed on their mucous membranes and nonintact skin; all people may have potentially infectious microorganisms in their moist body sites and substances; and an unknown portion of clients and health care workers will always be colonized or infected with potentially infectious microorganisms in their blood and other moist body sites and substances.
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Category-specific precautions
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An infecion control system based on the need for strict isolation, contact isolation, respiratory isolation, tuberculosis isolation, enteric precautions, drainage/secretions precautions, or blood/body fluid precautions.
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Contact precautions
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An infection control category based on providing barriers to the direct contact route of infectious organism transmission.
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Direct transmission
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Immediate and direct transfer of microorganisms from person to person through touching, biting, kissing, or sexual intercourse.
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Disease-specific precautions
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Delineation of the use of private rooms, special ventilation, and use of gowns to care for clients with particular diseases or microorganisms.
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Disinfectant
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Agent that destroys all microorganisms.
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Fomite
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An inanimate object other than food that can harbor disease producing microorganisms and transmit an infection.
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Indirect transmission
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Vehicle-borne or vector-borne transmission of infectious organisms.
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Medical asepsis
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All practices intended to confine a specific microorganism to a specific area, limiting the number, growth, and spread of microorganisms.
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Mode of transmission
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In the cycle of infection, the means of the organism reaching another person or host.
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Portal of entry
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In communicable disease, the opening through which infectious organisms invade the body (urinary tract, resp tract, open wound)
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Portal of exit
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In communicable disease, the location through which infectious organisms leave the body (resp tract, infected wound, skin)
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Reservoir
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A source of microorganisms.
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Spore
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A round or oval structure enclosed in a tough capsule.
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Sterile field
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A specified area that is considered free from microorganisms.
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Surgical asepsis (sterile technique)
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Practices that keep an area or object free of all microorganisms.
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Transmission-based precautions
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An infection control system based on the route of movement of microorganisms: airborne, droplet, or contact.
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Vehicle-borne transmission
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Transport of an infectious agent into a susceptible host via any intermediate substance.
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Vector-borne transmission
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Microorganisms from an insect or other animal transferred from a reservoir to a host.
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