[1] Introducing Living Things

Front 1

Animals can walk, run, hop or crawl. How do they find their way?

Back 1

By using their eyes, ears, nose (or even antennae), this are also called sense organs.

Front 2

How do plants make food in their own leaves?

Back 2

Photosynthesis

Front 3

What are the 4 things needed in photosynthesis?

Back 3

1. Light

2. Water

3. Carbon Dioxide

4. Chlorophyll

Front 4

How do plants get energy from food?

Back 4

By a process (usually with oxygen) called respiration.

Front 5

All living things produce waste. What is the removal of waste from their bodies called?

Back 5

Excretion

Front 6

What are the 5 needs of living things?

Back 6

1. water

2. light and carbon dioxide

3. warmth

4. minerals

5. oxygen

Front 7

What is the part of the earth's surface where living things are found?

Back 7

Biosphere

Front 8

What are the two smaller groups under Protoctista?

Back 8

1. Protozoa - microscopic creatures made of 1 cell

2. Algae - simple plant-like organisms

Front 9

Give 3 examples of Fungi.

Back 9

Mushrooms, toadstools and moulds.

Front 10

What are the six divisions of plants?

Back 10

1. mosses and liverworts - plants with no roots

2. ferns - have proper roots, produce spores

3. conifers - trees with needle-shaped leaves/cones

4. flowering plants - flowers which produce seeds

5. monocotyledons - leaves with parallel veins

6. dicotyledons - leaves with a network of veins

Front 11

What are the two main groups of animals?

Back 11

Vertebrates and Invertebrates

Front 12

What are the 8 animal groups under invertebrates?

Back 12

INVERTEBRATES

1. coelenterates - sack like body with tentacles

2. flatworms - flat body w/ cilia

3. annelid worms - body encircled w/ rings

4. molluscs - one coiled shell/two uncoiled shells

ARTHOPODS:

5. crustaceans - hard outer skeleton

6. insects - 6 legs, 2 pairs of wings

7. arachnids - 8 legs, no wings

8. centipedes - many pairs of legs

Front 13

What are the 5 animal groups under vertebrates/chordates?

Back 13

1. bony fish - scale, fins, gills

2. amphibia - live on water/land

3. reptile - covered with hard/dry scales

4. birds - feathers and wings

5. mammals - hairy skin, young feed on milk

Front 14

What do you call the thick skin around the cell that allows only some things to pass through?

Back 14

A cell membrane.

Front 15

What controls what a cell does and how it develops?

Back 15

A nucleus.

Front 16

What is the jelly containing chemicals and filling up the cell?

Back 16

Cytoplasm

Front 17

What is the space between the cell that contains air, liquid or food particles?

Back 17

Vacuole.

Front 18

Describe the parts of a plant cell (5).

Back 18

1. cell wall of cellulose - covers cell membrane

2. cytoplasm - jelly w/ chemicals, fills the cell

3. stored food - starch

4. vacuole - all plants have this, the inside is filled with cell sap

5. chloroplasts - discs full of chlorophyll (trap light for photosynthesis)

Front 19

Differentiate plant cells from animal cells.

Back 19

ANIMAL : no cell wall, no chloroplast, sometimes have vacuole, different shapes

PLANT: have cell walls, have chloroplasts, always have vacuole, few kinds of shapes

Front 20

What are tissues?

Back 20

Cells that do the same job group together and form tissues.

Front 21

What are the 3 other types of cells?

Back 21

1. muscle cells (they can tighten/relax)

2. nerve cells (carry messages)

3. red/white blood cells (carry oxygen and kill germs) --> A.K.A blood

Front 22

Give an explain 1 type of organ

Back 22

1. heart - pumps blood around the body

2. stomach - digests food

3. brain - controls the body

Front 23

An organism is made of different organs. These can work together to form organ systems. Give an example of an organ system.

Back 23

1. circulatory system - heart/blood vessels

2. digestive system - gullet, stomach, intestine

3. nervous system - brain, spinal cord, nerves

Front 24

What is diffusion?

Back 24

Movement of molecules that cause them to mix together.

Front 25

What is an active transport of molecules?

Back 25

This process uses energy to move the molecules to where it is needed in the plant. This occurs from an area of low concentration to a higher concentration.

Front 26

What is osmosis?

Back 26

When a weak solution is separated by a semi-permeable membrane, the diffusion of water (from a weak to a strong solution) occurs.

Front 27

What is meiosis?

Back 27

This is a type of cell division that results in 4 daughter cells (each with 1/2 the number of chromosomes from the parent cell), as in the production of gametes/plant spores.

Front 28

What is a diploid and haploid?

Back 28

Diploid - 46, complete

Haploid - 23, one half

Front 29

What is mitosis?

Back 29

A cell division resulting in 2 daughter cells having the same number/kind of chromosomes from the parent nucleus.