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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is The cell theory?
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What is Cell Theory?
Cell theory states the importance of cells to life. |
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The three principles of Cell theory are:
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1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells
2. Cells are the smallest living things 3. Cells arise only by division of previously existing cells |
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Other reasons why cells are small...?
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Larger cells are more difficult to control because of the
distances involved from the command center at the core to the peripheral regions. Organisms that are comprised of many, small cells are at an efficiency advantage over organisms comprised of few, larger cells. |
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Why the cells are small?
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Most cells are small because larger cells do not
function as efficiently |
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What is a Prokaryote (prokaryotic cell)
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Prokaryotic
• lacks a nucleus • does not have an extensive system of internal membranes • all bacteria and archae have this cell type |
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What is a Eukaryote (eukaryotic cell)
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Eukaryotic
• has a nucleus • has internal membrane-bound compartments • all organisms other than bacteria or archae have this cell type |
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Know the structure and function of prokaryotic cells
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Prokaryotes are the simplest cellular
organisms • have a plasma membrane surrounding a cytoplasm without interior compartments • some bacteria have additional outer layers to the plasma membrane – cell wall comprised of carbohydrates to confer rigid structure – capsule may surround the cell wall |
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Other Structures and Functions in Prokaryotic Cells
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Other structures sometimes found in prokaryotes
relate to locomotion, feeding, or genetic exchange flagellum (plural, flagellae) is a collection of protein fibers that extends from the cell surface • may be one or many • aids in locomotion and feeding pilus (plural, pili) is a short flagellum • aids in attaching to substrates and in exchanging genetic information between cells |
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Know the structure and function of Eukaryotic cells the organelles and cytoskeleton.
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Eukaryotic cells are larger and more
complex than prokaryotic cells - have a plasma membrane encasing a cytoplasm - internal membranes form compartments called organelles (specialized structures where particular cell processes occur) - the cytoplasm is semi-fluid and contains an network of protein fibers that form a scaffold called a cytoskeleton. The organelles are anchored to the cytoskeleton. |
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Cytoskeleton Structure and Function
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- Composed of microtubules
- Supports cell and provides shape - Aids movement of materials in and out of cells |
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Difference between animals and plants cells.
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Cell Wall:Animal Cell doesn't have a Cell Wall,
Shape:Animal Cell has a round (irregular) shape, Plant cell has a Rectangular (fixed) shape. Vacuole: Animal Cell has one or more small vacules (Much smaller than plant cells). Plant Cell has ONE, LARGE central vacule taking up 90% of cell volune. Centrioles: Present in all animal cells. Plant cell: Only present in LOWER plant forms. Plastids: Absent in Animal Cells, Present in Plant cells. Plasma Membrane: Animal Cells have only ONE cell membrane. Plant Cells have cell wall and a cell membrane. |
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