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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
List the fascia of the leg.
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1. Anterior intermuscular septum 2. Posterior intermuscular septum 3. Interosseus membrane 4. Deep transverse fascia of the leg 5. Crural fascia
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List the compartments of the leg.
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1. Anterior compartment 2. Deep posterior compartment 3. Superficial posterior compartment 4. Lateral compartment
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Which muscles are part of the anterior compartment of the leg?
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1. Tibialis anterior 2. Extensor hallucis longus 3. Extensor digitorum longus 4. Fibularis tertius
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Which muscles are part of the lateral compartment of the leg?
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1. Fibularis longus 2. Fibularis brevis
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Which muscles are part of the superficial posterior compartment of the leg?
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1. Gastrocnemius 2. Soleus 3.Plantaris
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Which muscles are part of the deep posterior compartment of the leg?
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1. Popliteus 2. Tibialis posterior 3. Flexor digitorum longus 4. Flexor hallucis longus
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Tibialis anterior
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O: lateral condyle and upper lateral surface of the tibia I: medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal A: dorsiflexoion of the foot and inversion of the foot at the intertarsal joints N: deep fibular nerve
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Extensor hallucis longus
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O: middle anterior fibula I: base of the distal phalanx of toe 1 A: extension of the distal phalanx of toe 1 at the interphalangeal joint N: deep fibular nerve
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Extensor digitorum longus
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O: lateral condyle of tibia and anterior surface of the fibula I: extensor expansions of toes 2-5 A: extension of toes 2-5 at the metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints N: deep fibular nerve
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Fibularis tertius
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O: lower anterior fibula I: base of the 5th metatarsal A: dorsiflexion of the foot and eversion of the foot at the intertarsal joints N: deep fibular nerve
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Fibularis longus
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O: head and lateral surface of the fibula I: inferior surface of the medial cuneiform and base of the 1st metatarsal A: eversion of the foot at the intertarsal joints N: superficial fibular nerve
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Fibularis brevis
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O: lower lateral fibula I: base of the 5th metatarsal A: eversion of the foot at the intertarsal joints N: superficial fibular nerve
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Gastrocnemius
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O: lateral condyle of the femur (lateral head) and medial condyle of the femur (medial head) I: calcaneus A: plantar flexion of the foot N: tibial nerve
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Soleus
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O: upper posterior fibula and the soleal line of the tibia I: calcaneus A: plantar flexion of the foot N: tibial nerve
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Plantaris
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O: lateral supracondylar line of the femur I: calcaneus A: weak plantar flexion of the foot N: tibial nerve (note: this one has a long tendon "freshman's nerve")
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Popliteus
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O: lateral condyle of the femur I: tibia above the soleal line A: medial rotation of the tibia N: tibial nerve
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Tibialis posterior
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O: upper posterior tibia and upper posterior fibula I: navicular, cuboid, cuneiforms 1-3, and the bases of the 2nd-4th metatarsals A: inversion of the foot at the intertarsal joints N: tibial nerve
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Flexor digitorum longus
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O: middle posterior tibia I: distal phalanges of toes 2-5 A: flexion of the distal phalanges of toes 2-5 at the distal interphalangeal joints N: tibial nerve
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Flexor hallucis longus
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O: posterior fibula I: distal phalanx of toe 1 A: flex toe 1 N: tibial nerve (Note: tendon courses in a groove on the inferior surface of the sustentaculum tali)
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Describe the coursing of the superficial fibular nerve.
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The superficial fibular nerve originates as a terminal branch of the common fibular nerve at the neck of the fibula. It courses in the lateral compartment between the fibularis longusand brevis muscle, innervating them. It pierces the fascia of the lega and courses in the subcutaneous tissue. It then passes from the leg to the foot superficial to the extensor retinacula. It terminates as a cutaneous nerve supplying the anterior distal leg and dorsum of the foot.
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Describe the coursing of the deep fibular nerve.
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The deep fibular nerve originates as a terminal branch of the common fibular nerve at the neck of the fibula. It pierces the anterior intermuscular septum, coursing from the lateral to the anterior compartments. It courses inferiorly with the anterior tibial artery on the anterior surface ofthe interosseus membrane. It innervates the 4 muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg. It passes deep to the extensor retinaculum and terminates in the foot, innervating extensor digitorum brevis.
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Describe the coursing of the tibial nerve.
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The tibial nerve originates as a terminal branch of the sciatic nerve and courses through the popliteal fossa posterior to the popliteal vein. It courses deep to gastrocnemius, soleus, and the transverse fascia of the leg. It descends through the deep posterior compartment of the leg with the posterior tibial artery. It then passes deep tothe flexor retinaculum and divides into the medial and lateral plantar nerves. It innervates the 3 muscles of the superficial posterior compartment of the leg and the 4 muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the leg.
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Describe the coursing of the anterior tibial artery.
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The anterior tibial artery arises as a terminal branch of the popliteal artery at the lower border of the popliteus muscle. It courses through the gap above the interosseus membrane. It then courses inferiorly along the anterior surface of the interosseus membrane with the deep fibular nerve.
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Describe the coursing of the posterior tibial artery.
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The posterior tibial artery arises as a terminal branch of the popliteal artery and descends through the deep posterior compartment of the leg with the tibial nerve. It then passes deep to the flexor retinaculum and divides into the medial plantar artery and lateral plantar artery.
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Describe the coursing of the fibular artery.
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The fibular artery arises as a branch of the posterior tibial artery and descends thorugh the lateral portion of the deep posterior copartment between the tibialis posterior and the flexor hallucis longus muscles. It terminates by giving off muscular branches and does not enter the foot.
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