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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Does viral gastroenteritis usually cause diarrhea or dysentery?
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diarrhea
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What two viruses are the two main causative agents for viral GI disease?
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rotavirus and norovirus
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What are the four viral catagories that are related to GI disease?
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astroviruses
adenoviruses enteroviruses coronaviruses |
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What do you dx viral GI?
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usually definitive dx cannot be made, usually for tx, just differentiate between bacterial and viral and use an ELISA for rapid test.
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What is the tx for viral GI?
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supportive care, rehydration. young and elderly may need hospitalization for dehydration.
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What is an easy mixture to replace pedialyte to use for rehydration?
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Per liter of water
20g of glucose or sucrose 3.5g NaCl 2.5g sodium bicarbonate 1.5g potassium chloride |
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What are the characteristics of Caliciviridae?
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small, positive ssRNA, capsid, NON-enveloped, 6 pointed star structure
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What are the three Calicivirus subtypes?
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1. noroviruses causing acute GI
2. sapoviruses causing GI 3. Hep E that presents as hepatitis |
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What two symptoms are more common in norovirus infection than diarrhea?
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nausea and vomiting
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What is the pathogenesis of norovirus?
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1. ingestion of the virion
2. mucocutaneous lesions in the proximal small intestine 3. 12 - 48 incubation period 4. symptom onset of nausea/vomiting note: this is diarrhea, so NO fecal leukocytes in stool |
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What is the tx for norovirus?
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supportive
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What presenting condition should warrant the concern for norovirus?
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acute gastroenteritis occurring in a community setting
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What three Reoviruses are assocaited with human disease?
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1. rotavirus - this one causes GI problems
2. coltivirus - colorado tick fever 3. orbivirus |
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What is significant about the rotavirus structure?
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the only virus that is dsRNA
segemented RNA double capsid icosahedral shaped no envelope |
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What is significant about rotavirus epidemiology?
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fecal-oral/fomite transmission and is VERY contagious. very commonly spread in children/babies, but infants <3mos are protected by mothers Abs
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What is the pathogenesis of rotavirus?
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1. virion ingested
2. virus attaches to epithelial cells 3. aborbed and replicated in cell 4. 2-4 day incubation 5. causes necrotizing enterocolitis 6. 2-5 days after symptoms peak shedding occurs note: NO viremia |
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How do infants that require hospitalization for rotavirus infection?
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severe infection that causes metabolic acidosis
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How do you dx Rotavirus in the office?
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enzyme immunoassay (EIA) a stool sample, fast, accurate, do it
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What is the tx for Rotavirus GI problems?
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supportive/rehydration
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What can be done to prevent Rotavirus?
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wash hands
RotaTeq or Rotarix vaccine, 3 doses at least 2 mos between doses |
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How does Coltivirus present?
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systemic symptoms w/o rash lasting 10-14 days. sometimes can involve CNS, but rare
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What is the tx of Colitvirus Colorado tick fever?
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non-aspirin analgesics and supportive
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What is significant about Orbivirus?
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Reoviruses that are not common in the US, but it is possible that this could be a new or emerging disease
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What is the clinical presentation of Orbivirus Orungo virus?
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fever, diarrhea, generalized convulsions, leg weakness that may lead to flaccid paralysis, viremia
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