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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the four general rules for effective parasites?
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1) don't kill the host
2) must smaller than the host 3) have single definitive host 4) parasites are symbiotic |
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What general negative effects do hosts endure?
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1) mechanical injury
2) tissue ingestion 3) toxic metabolic products 4) depriving host of nutrients |
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Ectoparasite vs. endoparasites
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ectoparasites exist on the outside of a host, endoparasites exist internal the host
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obligate parasite
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lives part of it lifecycle in an animal, usually has 2 hosts within a lifecycle
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intermediate host, definitive host, paratenic host
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intermediate = growth
definitive = reproduction paratenic = transport only |
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Facultative parasite
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not normally a parasite, but inadvertently ends up in an environment in which it must become a parasite to survive. ex. "Naeglaria" (kids in the field pool that died in 3 days), "Micronema"
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Accidental/incidental Parasite
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parasite that ends up in the wrong host and can survive for a short amount of time.
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Commensal, mutualism, parasitism
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types of symbiosis - both benefit but not necessary, both benefit and necessary, one benefits and one is harmed
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What is the benefit of cold weather regarding parasites?
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cold will cleanse. it will kill parasites.
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Caduceus
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mistaken sign for medicine. staff - authority, wings - fluidity, snake - wisdom. eventually was symbol for Hermes following people which eventually became representative of an occult
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Rod of Asclepius
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the true symbol of medicine, which stands for authority and rebirth
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religious related parasitism
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drink wine, not water because water is unclean; don't eat unclean animals like pigs because it will make you sick.
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crunchy pork
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doubly infected pork from Trichinella spiralis (roundworm) in gut and in muscle. also pork can be infected by Taenia solium (tapeworm)
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how many people die each year from parasites?
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60m
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Francesco Redi
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grandfather of parasitology in 1600s described 108 species, claimed that parenthood was a universal concept
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Karl Asmund Rudolphi
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early 1800s, father of helminthological, collected and classified all known parasites
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Kushenmeister
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mid 1800s, showed that parasites can have interspecieated hosts rabbits -> dogs, pig meat -> humans
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Leukart
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1800s showed insects can be intermediate hosts
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