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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Meninges
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between bone and tissue of the nervous system protects the brain and spinal cord
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Dura mater
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outermost later, composed of tough connective tissue attaches to the inside of the cranial cavity
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Epidural space
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separates the dura mater membrane around spinal cord and the bony wall of vertebra with a layer of connective and adipose tissue
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Arachnoid mater
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lacks blood vessels, between the dura mater and pia mater.
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Cerebrospinal fluid
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circulating clear watery fluid found in the brain and spinal cord that delivers nutrients to the CNS.
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Pia mater
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nourish underlying cells of the brain ans spinal cord. follows irregular contours passing over high areas and dipping into depressions.
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spinal cord
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consists of 31 segments, spinal nerves branch to various body parts.
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Cervical Enlargement
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supplies nerves to the upper limbs.
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Lumbar Enlargement
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supplies nerves to the lower limbs.
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Anterior Horns
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houses the motor neurons.
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Posterior Horn
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houses the sensory neurons.
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Gray matter
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majority of neurons are unmyelinated interneurons located in the middle of the spinal cord, divides white matter into three regions.
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White matter
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the myelinated axons toward the outer edges and out the spinal cord.
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Nerve Tracts
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major nerve pathways composed of 3 funiculi consisting of longitudinal bundles of myelinated nerve fibers.
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Central Canal
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contains cerebrospinal fluid, also known as gray commisure which connects the wings of the gray matter on the right and left sides and surrounds the central canal.
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Ascending Tracts
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carry sensory info. from PNS to the brain and spunal cord.
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Desending Tracts
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conducts motor impulses from brain and spinal cord to effectors.
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Spinothalamic Tract
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begin in th we spinal cord and take sensory impulses to the thalamus
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Cortiocospinal Tract
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begins in the cortex of the brain and carries motor impulses downward through the spinal cord to the skeletal muscles.
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Spinal Reflexes
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Reflex arc pass through the spinal cord arcs from one neuron to the another for a quick reaction and at the same time goes to the branch to register what happened
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Cerebrum
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Largest part of the brain consisting of a right and left hemisphere separated by a longitudinal fissure, provides higher mental functions memory and reasoning
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Cerebrum Surface
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Contains many convulsions and grooves
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Convolutions (gyri)
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Ridges
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Sulci
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Shallow grooves , divides each hemisphere into lobes
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Fissure
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Deep groove
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Corpus Callosum
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connects the cerebral hemispheres
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Cerebral Lobes
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Named after the bones they underlie
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Frontal lobe
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Contains motor speech area, frontal eye field, concentration planning and problem solving, motor areas that control voluntary muscles
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Parietal lobe
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Contains sensory area, understand speech and using words
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Occipital lobe
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Combine visual images and visual recognition, visual area
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Temporal lobe
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Contains interpretation of sensory experiences, memory of visual and auditory patterns
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Cerebral Cortex
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Outermost portion of the cerebrum, covers the convulsions and dips, contains nearly 75% of all neuron cell bodies, axons extend into brain
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Diencephalon
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Located between the cerebral hemispheres and above the midbrain
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Thalamus
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Received on sensory impulses except smell, transport impulses to the cortex for interpretation, produces an awareness of sensations such as: pain, touch and temperature
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Hypothalamus
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Winx nervous and endocrine system, maintains homeostasis by regulating activities such as heart rate and blood pressure, body temperature, water balance, control of hunger and weight, control of movements
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Brain Stem
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Connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord
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