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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Organ |
Wind instrument in which air is fed to the pipes by mechanical means; the pipes are controlled by two or more keyboards and a set of pedals. |
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Harpsichord |
Early Baroque keyboard instrument in which the strings are plucked by quills instead of being struck with hammers like the piano. |
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Toccata |
Virtuoso composition, generally for organ or harpsichord, in a free and rhapsodic style; in the Baroque era, it often served as the introduction to a fugue. |
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Prelude |
Instrumental work preceding a larger work. |
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Fugue |
Polyphonic form popular in the Baroque era, in which one or more themes are developed by imitative counterpoint. |
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Imitation |
Melodic idea presented in one voice or part and then restated in another, each part continuing as others enter. |
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Subject |
The main idea or theme of a work, as in a fugue. |
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Answer |
Second entry of the subject in a fugue, usually pitched a fourth below or a fifth above the subject. |
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Countersubject |
In a fugue, a secondary theme heard against the subject; a countertheme. |
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Exposition |
Opening section. In the fugue, the first section in which the voices enter in turn with the subject. In sonata-allegro form, the first section in which the major thematic material is stated. Also statement. |
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Episodes |
Interlude or intermediate section in the Baroque fugue that serves as an area of relaxation between statements of the subject. In a Baroque concerto, the free and inventive material that alternates with returns of the ritornello, or instrumental refrain. |
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Augmentation |
Statement of a melody in longer note values, often twice as slow as the original. |
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Diminution |
Statement of a melody in shorter note values, often twice as fast as the original. |
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Retrograde |
Backward statement of a melody. |
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Inversion |
Mirror or upside-down image of a melody or pattern, found in fugues and twelve-tone compositions. |
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Stretto |
In a fugue, when entries of the subject occur at faster intervals of time so that they overlap, forming dense, imitative counterpoint. Stretto usually occurs at the climactic moment near the end. |