By2 Wjec As - Uptake And Movement Of Water And Minerals In The Root

Front 1

describe how Water is absorbed

Back 1

- most absorption of water is through the root hair cells, whcih provide a large surface area
- water is absorbed by osmosis from a higher water potential in the soil water to a lower potential in the xylem

Front 2

how are ions absorbed?

Back 2

diffusion and active transport

Front 3

how does water move through the apoplast pathway?

Back 3

through the cell walls and the spaces between cells

Front 4

how does water move through the symplast pathway?

Back 4

through the cytoplasm via plasmodesmata

Front 5

how does water move through the vacuolar pathway?

Back 5

from vacuole to vacuole in adjacent cells through the cytoplasm

Front 6

How is the endodermis involved in the uptake and movement of water and mineral ions

Back 6

- suberin is deposited in the cell walls and forms bands called Casparian strips in the endodermal cells, which block the apoplast pathway.
- mineral ions are actively transported into the cytoplasm of the cells through the symplast pathway - this lowers the water potential of the cells, causing water to move into the symplast pathway by osmosis.
- The endodermal cells actively pump ions into the xylem - this helps to generate a water potential gradient across the root, drawing water in from the soil.
- the endodermis allows the plant to selectively uptake ions from the soil.