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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Proton charge |
+ 1 |
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Neutron Charge |
0 |
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Electron charge |
- 1 |
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Nucleus |
Center of the atom |
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Atomic number |
number of protons |
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Element |
material made of 1 kind of atom |
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How many naturally occuring elements? |
92 |
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Atomic weight |
approximately equal to the number of protons plus nuetrons |
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Isotope |
form of an atom with a specific number of neutrons |
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Potential energy |
energy at rest |
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kinetic energy |
energy in motion |
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Quantum |
amount of energy needed to move an electron from one energy level to the next |
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Orbital |
space where the electron is found 90% of the time -each orbital hold 0-2 electrons |
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Level 1 |
a single spherical orbital - 1s orbital |
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Level 2 |
4 orbitals -2s, 2px, 2py, 2pz |
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Level 3 |
4 orbitals -3s, 3px, 3py, 3pz (same as level 2 except larger) |
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When is an atom most stable |
when all the electrons are at the lowest possible energy level when all the orbitals in the outermost energy level are full |
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Molecule |
2 atoms joined by chemical bonds |
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Covalent Bonds |
1. formed by shared pairs of electrons 2. electrons are shared EQUALLY |
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Polar Covalent Bonds |
1. Formed by shared pairs of electrons 2. Electrons are shared UNEQUALLY |
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Tetrahedron |
4 sided regular solid |
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Electronegativity |
ability of an atomic nucleus to attract electrons |
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Partial negative charge |
greater than 0 but less than 1 |
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Partial positive charge |
less than 0 but greater than -1 |
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when an ionic bond gains an electron what is the charge? |
negative |
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when an ionic bond loses an electron the charge is? |
positive |
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molecular orbital |
space where both electrons are found |
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Ionic Bond |
bond between oppositely charged ions
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Ion |
electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of one or more electrons |
