Witkin And Gottschalk Theory In Social Work

Many areas of scientific research require strict, empirical parameters for measurement. Social work research is unique in that it is largely human based and individualized based on many uncontrollable factors (W&G cite). While this allows for proper evaluation of individual circumstances, it forces a social work researcher to alter criteria for which social work theories are considered. Social theories differ from traditional scientific theories in that they are abstract in order to account for the variability of human experiences (W&G cite). Social workers must consider this level of complexity when evaluating the application of theories in the social work field. While all theories may not be applicable depending on what field or population a social worker is consulting with, it is important to consider the value of prior research to current client interactions (Rogers, 6). In order to appropriately critique these theories, Witkin and Gottschalk proposed a set of criterion to properly assess the strengths and weaknesses of different theories in the social work context. The authors note that theories addressing their criteria are preferred in the field (W&G 218). A theory worthy of evaluation for its contribution to human development is Sigmund Freud’s psychosexual theory. The first …show more content…
Theories holding root in human development take the early human experience into unique consideration. Freud’s psychosexual theory is no exception. Freud details how different experiences, from infant suckling to adolescent sexual experimentation shape the life course of an individual (Newman, 30). By detailing the consequences of different developmental outcomes, Freud frames adult insufficiencies in light of childhood experiences. The context of these earlier experiences could serve to give new context to adult achievements and