Albert M. Wolters’ novel, Creation Regained, is a book on the basics of the Christian worldview and Christian education. This book is divided into five different chapters; What is a Worldview? , Creation, Fall, Redemption, and Discerning Structure and Direction. The first chapter covers the basics of what a worldview is and Wolters defines worldview as “the comprehensive framework of one’s basic beliefs about thing” (2). In the book, Wolters says there are four elements to this definition of worldview which are “things” are anything that someone have a belief about, a worldviews is only a matter of a person’s beliefs, worldviews have to do with only the basic beliefs about things, and that a person 's basic beliefs shape them into who they are (2,3).…
The Bone Wars, also referred to the ‘the Great Dinosaur Rush’ is a geologic time period in history which there was an intense period of paleontology discovery, over a hundred new species were found during this time. This was mainly due in part to a rivalry between two men, Othniel Marsh and Edward Cope whom were known to go to extreme lengths to undermine each other. While, many fossils were found between the two men they were not above lying, cheating and even stealing from each other to win the war of who could find the most species to create a new chapter in the world of paleontology.. In the end, despite their hatred towards each other they both made huge contributions in the scientific community even if however it ruined them both financially…
The Antler orogeny occurred in the Mississippian passive margin of the sialic North American continent in Nevada and probably in Idaho (Speed and Sleep, 1982). Speed and Sleep (1982) proposed an Arc-continent collision model for the Antler orogeny. In their model they assume that The Roberts Mountain Allochthon formed as a result of the large accretionary prism underthrusted by the continental slope and outershelf. The vertical loading and downflexing of the continental shelf by the allochthon formed the Antler foreland basin. Speed and Sleep (1982) advocated that the Island arc collision model is matched with regional geologic characteristics of the orogeny, and answers the question, how the oceanic strata can thrust about 4 km.…
Just as the current concept of a sixth extinction seems impossible to grasp, once the idea of rapid extinction itself was believed to be impossible. It took centuries of paradigm shifts in order for the scientific community to take the notion of Cuvierian catastrophism seriously over the Lyellian ideas of uniformitarianism. It took even longer for scientists to understand the causes of extinctions. After…
Dinosaurs ruled the earth for millions of years before the human species inhabited the planet, and thankfully for the human race, they became extinct. Ultimately, only a major catastrophe could completely dismantle an entire species, let alone a body of dinosaurs. Consequently, the debacle on the causes of dinosaur extinction have baffled the minds of paleontologists for centuries. Geologist and zoologist Stephen Jay Gould published “Sex, Drugs, Disasters, and the Extinction of Dinosaurs,” to compare scientific and speculative causes of dinosaur extinction. This passage is highly informative and enjoyable.…
Where climate change is severe and the topography is flat, species would typically have to travel greater distances to find suitable conditions, experiencing greater risks of extinction” (Sandom et al 2014). Results have shown that late Quaternary climate change velocity was related with low modern species endemism of mammal’s amphibian and birds signifying that high extinction rates in the past was more prevalent in more climatically unstable regions. In a report done by Stephen Wroe and his team which studied how Climatic changes influenced the extinction of megafauna he documents how they “used mean annual temperature and annual precipitation anomaly and velocity between the past and the present to represent the…
Scientists recognized during the late 1800’s and early 1900’s that there was some glacial and interglacial periods which may have correlated with the extinction of specific species. These scientists claimed that the extinction during the Pleistocene ice age may have been the ultimate reason why the large mammals went extinct. However, others disagree with this hypothesis due to the fact that there had been many glacial advances and retreats which had not resulted in the extinction of the megafauna; therefore, there is no reason that the last glacial event would have caused the extinction. The rebuttal to that disagreement, however, is that the mammals alive during the time of the earlier glacial events were different than the mammals alive during the later glacial…
Of course, this study of the famous dinosaur asteroid crater and its mysteries is not all new, as scientists have studied it for decades using various geophysical methods. However, this is the first time a team will get to put their hands on actual samples that will be pulled up by the drilling into the Chicxulub…
“Sex, Drugs, Disasters, and the Extinction of Dinosaurs” is an essay authored by Stephen Jay Gould, professor of geology and zoology at Harvard. Gould does a masterful job of catching your attention right away with his title, then taking you on a journey exploring how we can differentiate what is attention-grabbing nonsense and what is valid science. In his essay, Gould explores scientific proposals for the extinction of dinosaurs. This is a question that humanity has pondered for thousands of years, and many speculations have been made. Gould outlines what theories fall into “good” and “bad” science and then explains how he uses the scientific data to build a case for solid, evidence-based theory.…
I'm going to talk about the geologic evidence of the permian triassic extinction. This is a volcanic scenario. There are different geologic reasons for the permian triassic i'm going to tell you about them . During this period there has been documented changes in the air. The atmosphere went evey high which means high levels oxygen was about 30%.…
Extreme increase and decrease of the global temperature leads to such events as the melting of polar ice caps and droughts, having devastating impacts on the planet. The strong evidence of the theory that climate change was the cause for the loss of megafauna is that the extinction rates and dates of lost species match up with the extreme changes in Australia’s ancient climate records. The records were examined along with carbon dates from the bones of the species to compare them to the detailed records of severe climate events, by Alan Cooper from the University of Adelaide. "By combining these two records, we can place the climate and radiocarbon dating data on the same timescale, thereby allowing us to precisely align the dated fossils against climate" (Cooper, 2015.) The extinctions of the megafauna were clearly staggered throughout the time period, explaining why after each change in climate further species were wiped out (Turney, 2015).…
Palaeontologists discovered fossils which accounted for approximately half of all extant animal phyla; the first animals with hard mineralized skeletons. There was a major increase in the diversity of animal phyla. The explosion is extraordinary as all major animal body plans appeared during this time. There are many ecological factors which may have brought about the explosion. Changes in the biotic and abiotic environment, and…
Dinosaurs, these wondrous creatures have ensnared the imagination of children and paleontologist alike for several generations. The possible discoveries of dinosaur fossils during the ancient Roman, Greek and Chinese civilizations were what gave rise to legends of griffins, dragons and other monstrous lore. With every new discovery there have been great leaps made in understanding the dinosaurs. Yet there is one dinosaur in particular that has continued to captivate the imagination of children and paleontologist and that is the fierce Tyrannosaurus Rex. The purpose of the paper is to focus on the Tyrannosaurus Rex and to discuss three different topics about the monstrous creature that not many people know about them.…
The Cretaceous-Paleogene Boundary, (K-Pg) boundary, and the associated Dinosaur Extinc-tion theories have many precedents and most could be viewed scientifically from certain and known historical accounts. These hypotheses, some more believable than others, can serve a purpose to study current life and potential trends for future evolutionary traits. Evaluating certain aspects of the theory’s within this research, the main focus will be not be on the factual cause of the extinction, but rather the circumstances, how one could play into the other; could have led to their extinction. This research will provide, compare and contrasts the theories of dinosaur ex-tinction during the Cretaceous-Paleogene Boundary. The postulated and most plausible…
Thermoregulation is the process of regulating the internal body temperature of animals within a certain range. Endotherms, such as mammals and birds, thermoregulate internally by generating heat from metabolic processes and are able to keep their body temperature high and relatively constant, adapting to the environment to maintain homeostasis. This type of thermoregulation requires a high metabolic rate, that enables organisms to be more physically active without having to rely on the environment, hence increases evolutionary fitness. Ectotherms, such as reptiles and fish obtain heat from the environment and hence have a slower metabolism and can tolerate fluctuations in their internal temperature. Ectotherms thermoregulate by adjusting their behaviour, for example, laying in the sun or submerging themselves in water (Mrowka & Reuter 2016; Griebeler 2013; Grady et al. 2014;…