In 1990, the federal government enacted the Americans with Disabilities Act statute requiring prison facilities to provide accessible and usable by persons with disabilities. The Standards of the American Correctional Association (ACA) published operational standards designed to enhance correctional practices for the benefit inmates, staff, administrators, and the public. ACA standards provide a guide in operating jails and prisons effectively as self-contained communities in which all necessary goods and services are provided in a safe, secure, and controlled manner. Last but not least is The Center for Prisoner Health and Human Rights striving to improve the health and human rights of criminal justice populations by effectively address the dimensions of public health and human rights crisis of the prison population into law, policies, and practices. One of their goals is to advance the continuum of health care for prisoners from admission through their release into the…
1. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said Canada will donate $785 million towards fighting tuberculosis, malaria and AIDS international from 2017-2019 2. That means that 20 percent increase from last year international fund donation. And it donation increases by $4 billon every year since the year 2002.…
The significance of MRSA infections within correctional facilities is exposure to the general public. According to Malcolm (2011), each year nearly 600,000 state prison inmates are released into to the community annually. Specifically, Malcolm (2011) has reported MRSA, as an outbreak is prisons located in California, Georgia, Illinois, Texas, and Mississippi. It is important to note that the outbreaks not only suggested an extremely high prevalence of MRSA in correctional populations with in the past years, but also an increase in past decades. During incarceration, inmates who acquire this infection may come into contact with individuals of the general public, who then become infected.…
It is interesting we are discussing Tuberculosis (TB) since I work in a building which used to be an "Isolation Hospital" in the Hartford area. The morgue is less than a mile away, the tunnels running under my building were used to transport the infected dead to the crematorium. TB in residential facilities is very serious, part of the protocol before admission it to have had a TB test results along with your paperwork. Staff are to be tested for TB every year (for me this is a pain literally because I don't like needles). This is how seriously TB is for facilities that house people, particularly those with addictions.…
Prisons could actually be bad for mentally ill offenders. There are factors in prisons that can have a negative effect on mental health, including: overcrowding, various forms of violence, enforced solitude, lack of privacy, lack of activity, and inadequate mental health services. There is a concern regarding increased suicide risks in prisons that are exacerbated by the contributing factors listed above. Unfortunately, prisons are at times a dumping ground for mentally ill people. This is due to the lack of mental health services and often times linked to substance abuse disorders.…
While the United States’ problems with prison overcrowding date back centuries, the problem has suddenly worsened. There are many reasons for this, but the most pressing reason is the war on drugs. This “war”, beginning around the 1970s, perpetuated the overcrowding crisis by drastically increasing the number of nonviolent offenders incarcerated (Schlanger 4). By inserting nonviolent prisoners in jail, the likelihood of violence and psychological problems increases. The problems with prison overcrowding were exacerbated by the war on crime, which also appeared between the 1970s and 90s.…
Involvement of multiple organs and especially the reticuloendothelial system can also produce a clinical presentation similar to disseminated tuberculosis; thus cases of HLH secondary to tuberculosis can easily be missed if the entire illness is attributed to tuberculosis alone. Although unusual, secondary HLH should be ruled out in patients with disseminated tuberculosis, especially in the presence of…
What is Tuberculosis? Tuberculosis, otherwise known as TB, is a bacterial infection that is often centered in the lungs but can spread to any part of the body through lymph nodes and bloodstream. It sparks from the transfer of droplets of microscopic bacteria in the air from one individual to another. What Systems the Disease Affects? Tuberculosis mainly affects the respiratory system in the lungs and is commonly known as pulmonary tuberculosis.…
The podcast I chose to write about addressed the problem of tuberculosis in Russia. Tuberculosis is an extremely contatious disease for it is an airborne disease. This disease can spread rapidly in populated areas where people come in contact with each other easily. It can spread by simply breathing air around infected people. The containment of this disease is extremely important for it make it difficult for people to breath.…
Tuberculosis is a complex disease, that is treatable and preventable, yet it is the second leading cause of death due to a single infectious agent after HIV/AIDS (WHO, 2013). Although, TB as it is commonly called, has been a major killer throughout human history, its incidence has declined in the United States over most of the 20th century (Adams & Koch, 2010). There was a brief period of increase with the incidence of HIV/AIDS (between 1985 and 1992), but since then, there has been a steady decline in tuberculosis due to a number of control measures. In developing countries, most especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, there is a high incidence and prevalence of the disease and major prevention and control measures have been instituted to combat…
As we know Genzyme has become a leader in biotechnology ranking in around $4 billion in revenues last year. The company managed to create a competitive advantage in an industry that has been struggling to keep up with innovations and still be profitable. One of the reasons for such success in the pharmaceutical industry is the ability of this company to gain share in the global market while keeping its core values unchanged. The focus of the company from the beginning has been putting patients first and the focus on the “two-price policy” – full price or free for patients in need and who could not afford it. HAND was created to help an untapped market, where neglected diseases such as tuberculosis kill as much as 2 million people a year in…
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial disease that is one of the leading causes of death in the world, especially in developing countries (World Health Organisation, 2018). More than 2.4 billion people in the world are affected by the TB bacteria, with 1.8 million deaths each year (Government of Canada, 2017). Tuberculosis has impacted many nations due to its highly contagious behaviour and the lack of access to healthcare to many of the people affected by this disease. This report will discuss and examine application and limitation of the social impacts, a key concept of Science as a Human Endeavour, in relation to tuberculosis.…
coughing up blood, fatigue, weight loss, fever, and etc. If left untreated, it can be fatal (CDC, 2015b). There are two stages of tuberculosis: Latent TB infection and TB disease. Latent TB infection is when the bacteria lives inside the body, and the host is asymptomatic.…
In modern day society, Tuberculosis is presumed to not be the devastating pathogen it once was. However, being a disease from mainly Mycobacterium bacteria, tuberculosis is the second most killing disease in the world from a single infectious agent despite being curable (McNamee, 2014). Evidently, a report in 2013 shows 9 million people who have developed TB, with 1.5 million of this population dying from it (McNamee, 2014). Despite great efforts to control the spread of TB, it is still has the same impact on the world via social justice issues, antibiotic resistance, and human activities, which help it grow.…
Epidemiology of Tuberculosis Student's Name Institution Affiliation Course Tuberculosis Causes: Tuberculosis (TB) is a caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a bacteria that is spread through the air. TB affects the breathing system (lungs). When an infected person emits air droplets, for example, through coughing or sneezing, the bacteria are transmitted into the air that affects anyone who breathes that air. According to Wouk, there are two types of TB, Latent and Active Tuberculosis. In latent TB, there are no symptoms.…