Individual written assignment on any philosopher of social science theorist and his/her contribution to any of the three philosophical paradigms -- positivism, interpretivism, and critical theory.
POSITIVISM
Positivisim is philosophical paradigms in social sciences of which gives emphasisis on empirical data and scientific method to analyse them. It is regarded as an application of methods used in natural sciences. It further assumes that fact, values and truth can be distinguished and social world exist on regularities which theories can discover.
From the end of the 1960, positivism became target of strong and growing criticism. It stated that purpose of research activity is not simply putting statistical of surface phenomenon the task …show more content…
Adorno
Theodar Ludwig Wiesengrund was born on September 11,1903, he lived in Frankfurt for three decades of his life. He was son of rich German wine merchant of Jewish background and his mother was musician of Corsican Catholic descent. Theodor Adorno studied philosophy with the Neo Kantian Hans Cornelius and music composition with Alban Berg. After two years as a university instructor, he was expelled by Nazis, along with other professors of Jewish heritage. Few years later he turned his father’s surname into a middle name and adopted “Adorno” his maternal name by which he is known.
Adorno left Germany in 1934. During Nazi era he resided in several places like Oxford, New York City and southern California. There he wrote several books which became famous, like Personality and Minima Morala, Negative Dalectics, Adorno’s magnum opus on epistemology and metaphyscs, appeared in 1960s. From these years come his challenging critiques of mass culture and the culture industry.
He returned to Frankfurt in 1949 to take up position in philosophy department, he quickly established himself as a leading German intellectual and central figure in the Institute of Social Research. Institute provided the hub to what has come to be known as the Frankfurt School. Adorno became the Institute director in …show more content…
Although Adorno agree with Marx analysis, he thinks critique of commodity fetishism involves several insights. Significant changes have occurred in the shape of capitalism since this theory was developed. It requires revisions on few other topics, like:
1. The dialectic between forces of production and relations of production,
2. Relationship between state and economy,
3. The sociology of classes and class consciousness,
4. And the nature and function of ideology and the role of expert cultures, such as modern art, in criticizing the transformation of society as a whole.
Ontology
Bourgeois economist treat commodity as a neutral object, and says it has life of its own, which relates to other commodities, and is independent from the human interaction that actually sustain all commodities
Later Adorno adds that what critical society should actually question is, why hunger, poverty and devastation exist, when science and technology have potential to reduce them or remove them completely. The fundamental reason, he adds lies in how capitalist relations of production have come to dominate society which had resulted in extreme and invisible concentration power and wealth. It has come to be organised around the production of exchange and use values for the sake of producing silent surplus. Adorno refers to this nexus of production and power as “exchange
POSITIVISM
Positivisim is philosophical paradigms in social sciences of which gives emphasisis on empirical data and scientific method to analyse them. It is regarded as an application of methods used in natural sciences. It further assumes that fact, values and truth can be distinguished and social world exist on regularities which theories can discover.
From the end of the 1960, positivism became target of strong and growing criticism. It stated that purpose of research activity is not simply putting statistical of surface phenomenon the task …show more content…
Adorno
Theodar Ludwig Wiesengrund was born on September 11,1903, he lived in Frankfurt for three decades of his life. He was son of rich German wine merchant of Jewish background and his mother was musician of Corsican Catholic descent. Theodor Adorno studied philosophy with the Neo Kantian Hans Cornelius and music composition with Alban Berg. After two years as a university instructor, he was expelled by Nazis, along with other professors of Jewish heritage. Few years later he turned his father’s surname into a middle name and adopted “Adorno” his maternal name by which he is known.
Adorno left Germany in 1934. During Nazi era he resided in several places like Oxford, New York City and southern California. There he wrote several books which became famous, like Personality and Minima Morala, Negative Dalectics, Adorno’s magnum opus on epistemology and metaphyscs, appeared in 1960s. From these years come his challenging critiques of mass culture and the culture industry.
He returned to Frankfurt in 1949 to take up position in philosophy department, he quickly established himself as a leading German intellectual and central figure in the Institute of Social Research. Institute provided the hub to what has come to be known as the Frankfurt School. Adorno became the Institute director in …show more content…
Although Adorno agree with Marx analysis, he thinks critique of commodity fetishism involves several insights. Significant changes have occurred in the shape of capitalism since this theory was developed. It requires revisions on few other topics, like:
1. The dialectic between forces of production and relations of production,
2. Relationship between state and economy,
3. The sociology of classes and class consciousness,
4. And the nature and function of ideology and the role of expert cultures, such as modern art, in criticizing the transformation of society as a whole.
Ontology
Bourgeois economist treat commodity as a neutral object, and says it has life of its own, which relates to other commodities, and is independent from the human interaction that actually sustain all commodities
Later Adorno adds that what critical society should actually question is, why hunger, poverty and devastation exist, when science and technology have potential to reduce them or remove them completely. The fundamental reason, he adds lies in how capitalist relations of production have come to dominate society which had resulted in extreme and invisible concentration power and wealth. It has come to be organised around the production of exchange and use values for the sake of producing silent surplus. Adorno refers to this nexus of production and power as “exchange