Clonality is homogeneity in the genotype of cells originating from a specific linage. One cell like the other, expressing the same set of genes to carryout functions that they have to do as a tissue; a causality of cells having a common ancestor or a progenitor cell which can be sourced at one point in time of development of an organism. This expansion of one cell into various clones occurs via a process called clonal expansion.
The process is not different in cancer cells, there is one cell which would have acquired a mutation, or inherited an additional copy of a gene or lost the copy of a gene which bestows them a chance to autonomously divide and escalate its clonal population. If the loss or gain of genes or occurrence of mutation is lethal, …show more content…
But some of the strategic approaches in killing of these cancerous cells involves the employment of drugs that target anti-apoptotic proteins and promote apoptosis. One such drug that targets all clones is ABT-199 which is known to activate apoptotic pathway by releasing the apoptotic proteins sequestered by the BCL-2, BCL-XL and MCL-1.
Other strategies include employment of cell cycle arresting drugs which inhibit PIk1 eg..,volasertib. Monoclonal antibodies can also be used in treating AML like SGN33A which is a DNA cross linking toxin and AMG330 which mediates cell mediated cytotoxicity against the leukoblast cells. Other approaches are employing iso-citrate synthase inhibitors to mediate cell death by atrophy.
Despite all these approaches clonality is very strong in cancer cells and one of the most effective way is to replace bone marrow. The process is done by removal of bone marrow followed by chemo/ radio therapy and then replacement of bone marrow from a healthy matching donor.
Clonality drives the survival of cancer cells in a Darwinian fashion meaning that clonality and clonal expansion takes place only in the most resilient cells. This makes treatment of cancer very difficult with general approach, personalized individualized medicine is required to cure
The process is not different in cancer cells, there is one cell which would have acquired a mutation, or inherited an additional copy of a gene or lost the copy of a gene which bestows them a chance to autonomously divide and escalate its clonal population. If the loss or gain of genes or occurrence of mutation is lethal, …show more content…
But some of the strategic approaches in killing of these cancerous cells involves the employment of drugs that target anti-apoptotic proteins and promote apoptosis. One such drug that targets all clones is ABT-199 which is known to activate apoptotic pathway by releasing the apoptotic proteins sequestered by the BCL-2, BCL-XL and MCL-1.
Other strategies include employment of cell cycle arresting drugs which inhibit PIk1 eg..,volasertib. Monoclonal antibodies can also be used in treating AML like SGN33A which is a DNA cross linking toxin and AMG330 which mediates cell mediated cytotoxicity against the leukoblast cells. Other approaches are employing iso-citrate synthase inhibitors to mediate cell death by atrophy.
Despite all these approaches clonality is very strong in cancer cells and one of the most effective way is to replace bone marrow. The process is done by removal of bone marrow followed by chemo/ radio therapy and then replacement of bone marrow from a healthy matching donor.
Clonality drives the survival of cancer cells in a Darwinian fashion meaning that clonality and clonal expansion takes place only in the most resilient cells. This makes treatment of cancer very difficult with general approach, personalized individualized medicine is required to cure