Many English people supported Mary’s claim to the throne as they wanted the country to become Catholic…
Following the creation of new government policies in England, put in place by Thomas Cromwell, marchers protested against the concept of Henry VIII ruling over the Anglican Church. This movement, known as the Pilgrimage of Grace, occurred between October 1536 and February 1537. Both participants and people that opposed the movement showed concerns and goals toward the Pilgrimage of Grace. Class position, majority response, and monarchical action affected the movement.…
When fickle Henry the VIII wanted to annul his marriage, he passed the Act of Supremacy, which instituted him as head of the English Church. Alongside with the act of Successions and Appeals, Henry created his own branch of religion to promote his own selfish needs. However, the way the religion was implemented was significant. He passed these large acts that were different from what other rulers had done. With his act of Successions, all his subjects had to swear their oath to him and his supremacy.…
Throughout the expanse of European history, many female leaders have been persecuted based on their gender alone. Elizabeth I of England, the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, was one of these many dignitaries. Despite the ideas that rule by a woman was against nature and the holy sacraments, Elizabeth I ruled as the supreme governess of her realm, dealing with the great contempt held against her by soldiers, church officials, and even ordinary subjects. Elizabeth I pursued her career with bravery, prayer, and political strategies in order to prove her authority as the Queen of England.…
Now that Thomas Cromwell was Henry the VIII’s right-hand man, it was his duty to follow through with Henry’s plan to detach religiously from Rome. This was the ideal opportunity for Cromwell to prove that not only was he loyal to Henry and what he wanted, but that he was also capable of going beyond even what Wolsey had achieved. Fortunately, Cromwell recognized the power of the people in Parliament, and planned to use that power to his advantage in securing the strength of Henry’s overall power. His plan was rather simple, but could have completely fallen apart had it not been dealt with properly. Parliament needed to be convinced that the King’s sudden claim for supreme power was totally legitimate, and that the proposition to end Rome’s power and replace it with Royal Supremacy would be beneficial.…
King Henry VIII had left the Church of Rome, and thus formed the Church of England. However, many English Calvinists believed that the Church of England needed to be more reformed. This group of Calvinists devised a Protestant movement, called Puritanism, that sought out to purify the Church by removing all Catholic influence. With this intention, the Puritans repeatedly asked King James to grant more reforms, but he felt that the Puritans threatened his authority, for that reason he rejected most of their ideas. Nevertheless, the Puritans continued to oppose royal authority.…
The English had unified Church and state- demanding that every citizen support the official Church of England with taxes and regular attendance. Any religious dissent or violation of taxes would be considered treason and heresy. There were church courts established, without juries, to punish those who strayed from the Church. These systems were designed to oppress the citizens of England- forcing everyone into uniformity. The Puritans, who sought reform, separated from the Church in order to pursue a simpler worship.…
The Act in Restraint of Appeals in 1533 was the start of a political process that effectively transferred the power of the Catholic Church to the king, Henry VIII and his advisors and the government. The Act was passed by a Parliament and had listed its grievances against the Church as early as 1529. Rather than have a king foist the act on the people at a time when religion was a major factor in the lives of all people of the town, Thomas Cromwell came up with the idea of giving the act a political and democratic edge. By going through Parliament, it appeared as if the will of the people had been listened to in Parliament and represented the people. Therefore, no one could argue that just a few had imposed the act on the nation.…
The Puritan Dilemma Imagine living in a world where someone’s own personal and religious life was being affected by that of the country that they lived in. In most cases that was not a life they wanted to live, and some people looked for a way out. In the case of the Puritans of England, they willingly sailed across three thousand mile Atlantic Ocean, for a chance to set up a settlement where they could live and worship the way they believed was the right way without the pressures of the crown. Puritanism was the belief that the Church of England should be purged of its hierarchy and of the traditions and ceremonies inherited from Rome. Putting this aside it demanded more of the individual than it did of the church.…
We’re all familiar with Satirical literature: literature that mocks or ridicules events, attitudes, and people, with the goal that it will reach out to audiences and influence change. Satirical literature has been around for quite some time, but one of the best and most original examples can be found in the essay, “A modest Proposal” , by Jonathan Smith. This essay hits on some concrete issues that Ireland was facing during the early 1700’s such as famine, poverty, and ridiculous parliament laws passed by England, which only exacerbated the issues. Jonathan Smith uses satire in attempts to shock and influence people, and he succeeds to do so, as he introduces an odd and unorthodox idea for parents to make money off of their children--to raise…
The Pilgrimage of Grace which occurred from October 1536 to February 1537 was a march hosted by protesters opposed to a series of measures set in place by Thomas Cromwell, King Henry VIII’s Lord High Chancellor, shortly after the Act of Supremacy was in place. The Act of Supremacy declared that King Henry VIII was supreme ruler over the Church of England These measures included new taxes, the disbanding of monasteries, land owned by the Catholic church was seized, and the amount of power King Henry possessed, expanded. Consequently, these new implementations outraged Catholics who were already fighting to stop the spread of Protestantism because of the Act of Supremacy. The participants in the Pilgrimage of Grace were determined to purify the…
Mary Tudor courageous queen or bloody Mary, she was known for her religious faith and her to bring England back to the Catholic ways. Her fellow people had mixed feelings towards their queen assuming she was the rightful heir of the throne or a devil in the discus. Mary Tudor was born in February 18, 1516. She had been the first surviving child of King Henry VIII and Queen Catherine. Her mother, Catherine had given birth to 4 children before Mary but none had survived.…
The Church had separate trials and punishments to those of the monarch’s, any member of the Church who committed a crime would be judged in the Church court. The Church would judge a person’s innocence through trials by ordeals. These ordeals include ordeal by poison, water, pulling an object from boiling oil, carrying hot metal over a certain distance, walking over hot coals if one of the burns got infected, the person would guilty. If a person would be found guilty, assuming that they weren’t dead from infections or burns, they would be punished by banishment or excommunication, were the person would be unable to talk to any church member or attend any church activities. These laws were also used on King John in the 15th century causing a rebellion, which meant that the Church had far greater influence on the people and the barons than the…
1. The Protestant reformation had a huge impact on European society, culture and politics. Over the course of the reformation the catholic church lost a lot of its power. Protestantism was very popular among the common people as it focused on having a direct link with god, avoiding the system of bishops and priests. The reformation also sparked the thirty years war, a conflict that would change the religion climate of Europe drastically.…
The era between the death of Henry VIII and the excommunication of Elizabeth by the papacy was one consumed by the debate of what the Church of England should looks like. Edward VI was a Protestant,and he made strides to define the Church of England as a Protestant church, instead of leaving the church as mostly Catholic in practice like his father had. Mary I, on the other hand, tried to revert England back to Catholicism. And finally, Elizabeth I started her reign by being diplomatic, careful not to lean on Protestantism or Catholicism too much, but as she spent more time as the monarch she became more and more Protestant and her policies illuminated that shift. Each monarch contributed to the religious debate that had taken over England,…