Vitale, 1962 is a situation where by parents of students in NY protested against the use of prayer at their school. These prayers were led by teachers and principals who were employees of the state. It was argued and agreed in favor that the government could not delegate or support religious worship activity. The 1st amendment prevents the government from influencing religion in any shape or form, to include prayer.
Wisconsin vs. Yoder case is an example of a controversy involving the free exercise of religion. In this case parents of Amish children refused to send their children to public school past the 8th grade since it was against their religious beliefs. Attending school past 8th grade would have worldly influence on their children and against Amish beliefs. The court ruled in favor of the Amish stating that continuing school past the 8th grade would be in conflict with the way of life for the Amish