“Play refers to an activity that is predominantly pleasurable” (Veiga, Neto, & Rieffe, 2016, p.2). It provides opportunities for a child to learn about the surroundings. If a child is taking part in the play actively, it may result in more effective learning. In the early childhood education, ‘child-centered’ is important for teaching and children’s learning and development. No matter the teaching approach or curriculum of a kindergarten, play is essential to facilitate a child’s learning and growth. It enables a child to understand the environment and experience the happiness of playing with peers and friends. Engaging in social play can promote a child’s all-round development such as physical, cognitive and language, affective and social,
…show more content…
According to the early childhood curriculum framework developed by the National Council for Curriculum and Assessment (NCCA), there are five types of play such as creative play, language play, physical play, pretend play and play involves games with rules. Creative play means learn by creating, children use their bodies or materials to make things, for example, drawing, paintings, collages, printings, creating stories, songs, music and movements. In language play, children play with different sounds and vocabularies such as flashcards. For physical play, it includes exploratory play, manipulative play and constructive play. In exploratory play, children learn by actively explore materials and environments like mixing colours, playing with playdough and putting hands into the sand or water. In manipulative play, children learn by touching and doing such as building blocks, duplo and lego, paper folding, …show more content…
First, unoccupied play means a child is not engaging in play. He or she may only stand at one point and look around, or has some random movements but with no goal. Second, “solitary play is defined as play alone, without overt action with peers” (Hoorn, Nourot, Scales & Alward, 1993, p.37). In solitary play, the child plays independently, he or she does not care much about anything else that is going on. The child does not communicate with others even he or she is standing near his or her peers. Two to three years old children engage in this type of play very frequently. The third category is onlooker behaviour. It is defined as a child watches other children playing (Hoorn, Nourot, Scales & Alward, 1993, p.37). A child may interact with peers such as asking questions, however, he or she does not engage in others play behaviour. To identify the differences between onlookers play and unoccupied play, a child shows active interest about others play in onlookers play. Fourth, “parallel play is defined as play with shared material or physical proximity without attempts to coordinate play” (Hoorn, Nourot, Scales & Alward, 1993, p.38). A child plays beside another player, he or she plays alone but with similar toys that others are using and notices what others are doing and may mimic
According to the early childhood curriculum framework developed by the National Council for Curriculum and Assessment (NCCA), there are five types of play such as creative play, language play, physical play, pretend play and play involves games with rules. Creative play means learn by creating, children use their bodies or materials to make things, for example, drawing, paintings, collages, printings, creating stories, songs, music and movements. In language play, children play with different sounds and vocabularies such as flashcards. For physical play, it includes exploratory play, manipulative play and constructive play. In exploratory play, children learn by actively explore materials and environments like mixing colours, playing with playdough and putting hands into the sand or water. In manipulative play, children learn by touching and doing such as building blocks, duplo and lego, paper folding, …show more content…
First, unoccupied play means a child is not engaging in play. He or she may only stand at one point and look around, or has some random movements but with no goal. Second, “solitary play is defined as play alone, without overt action with peers” (Hoorn, Nourot, Scales & Alward, 1993, p.37). In solitary play, the child plays independently, he or she does not care much about anything else that is going on. The child does not communicate with others even he or she is standing near his or her peers. Two to three years old children engage in this type of play very frequently. The third category is onlooker behaviour. It is defined as a child watches other children playing (Hoorn, Nourot, Scales & Alward, 1993, p.37). A child may interact with peers such as asking questions, however, he or she does not engage in others play behaviour. To identify the differences between onlookers play and unoccupied play, a child shows active interest about others play in onlookers play. Fourth, “parallel play is defined as play with shared material or physical proximity without attempts to coordinate play” (Hoorn, Nourot, Scales & Alward, 1993, p.38). A child plays beside another player, he or she plays alone but with similar toys that others are using and notices what others are doing and may mimic