Motivation is the reasoning for acting or behaving in a precise manner. People look to motivation for a reason for doing something, it’s the energy and drive that gives results. Motivation is an important aspect in a working enviroment. When people become motivated, they connect broad situations with how they feel and react. To enhance work produvity one must have a deep insight into the different motivational theories. The theories of Maslow, Herzberg and McClelland will be used to discuss motivation. Motivation will be examined in relation to important factors in creaiting a motivational enviroment at work and how they effect job design. We will come to understand which factors result in job satisfaction or job dissatisfaction. By discussing
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Maslow (1954) determines a hierarchy of needs. Maslow (1954) states that people are motivated by needs that haven’t been met, these needs are in hierarchical order and need to be met in order from low needs to higher needs. If lower needs aren’t met it can prevent motivation.The hierarchy of needs is a scheme that arranges human reasoning. The basic lower needs are those that need to be satisfied first and continuing onwards. There are five layers, from the bottom: Need for survival, need for safety, social needs, esteem needs and self-actualization needs. Maslow (1954) states how once one need is satisfied the next need will come about, this suggest that the lower needs need to be satisfied in order for the higher needs to rise. The need for survival would include physiological needs such as food, shelter and water. These needs have to be satisfied on a continuous basis as the body will naturally and involuntarily look for these needs (Mckenna, 2012). The need for safety involves security in many ways: physical, emotional, in one’s career and working schedule and contract hours. In terms of employment, Hammer and Organ (1978) discuss how administraion is constantly changing and it can make the employee feel uneasy and unsecure within the job. This will restrain the employee from feeling motivated if they believe that they may loose their job or responisbility at any moment. Social needs involve relationships with family, friends and work colleagues (McKenna, 2012). Having a strong and positive relatinship with work colleagues is important. It allows employees to feel part of a group, making them feel wanted and accepted at work. It encourages them to push themselves to do better in their position so they don’t fall behind their other colleagues. The next stage within the hierarchy of needs is the esteem needs. Associated with the need to achieve, independence, and strength
Maslow (1954) determines a hierarchy of needs. Maslow (1954) states that people are motivated by needs that haven’t been met, these needs are in hierarchical order and need to be met in order from low needs to higher needs. If lower needs aren’t met it can prevent motivation.The hierarchy of needs is a scheme that arranges human reasoning. The basic lower needs are those that need to be satisfied first and continuing onwards. There are five layers, from the bottom: Need for survival, need for safety, social needs, esteem needs and self-actualization needs. Maslow (1954) states how once one need is satisfied the next need will come about, this suggest that the lower needs need to be satisfied in order for the higher needs to rise. The need for survival would include physiological needs such as food, shelter and water. These needs have to be satisfied on a continuous basis as the body will naturally and involuntarily look for these needs (Mckenna, 2012). The need for safety involves security in many ways: physical, emotional, in one’s career and working schedule and contract hours. In terms of employment, Hammer and Organ (1978) discuss how administraion is constantly changing and it can make the employee feel uneasy and unsecure within the job. This will restrain the employee from feeling motivated if they believe that they may loose their job or responisbility at any moment. Social needs involve relationships with family, friends and work colleagues (McKenna, 2012). Having a strong and positive relatinship with work colleagues is important. It allows employees to feel part of a group, making them feel wanted and accepted at work. It encourages them to push themselves to do better in their position so they don’t fall behind their other colleagues. The next stage within the hierarchy of needs is the esteem needs. Associated with the need to achieve, independence, and strength