In the novel The Physick Book of Deliverance Dane, Katherine Howe’s use of the frame story dynamic is vital in delivering the overall substance of the novel in terms of theme, plot development, and character development. Even though Connie’s journey in the frame story is fully developed on its own, readers would be unable to see the connections being made to the past, which is mainly the goal of this novel, without the placement of the interior stories. For the definition of frame story is “a story that contains another story...” that “…explains why the interior story or stories are being told” (Murfin and Ray 190). The interior story explains to the readers the reinterpretation of the Salem Witch Trials in which Connie is piecing together in the frame story. In essence, Connie’s story is an extension of the interior story, for Connie’s present is influenced by the fact that the story she is unlocking, and is present in the interludes, is the story of her own ancestors.…
Storytelling is a way to communicate to society in a way that creates a relatable instance such that the reader can see themselves, or a version of themselves, within the story. Storytelling also is a way to demonstrate the struggles of other individuals within a society that a reader my not experience directly, but can nonetheless gain a broader understanding of different struggles within society. Although there are many ways to utilize storytelling techniques, I will apply the approach of Rites of Passage to three of the novels we’ve read this semester. The Rites of Passage that I will be analyzing are those within the stories, Houseboy, Woman at Point Zero, and A Walk in the Night. In these stories I will argue that through the characters ', Toundi, Firdaus, and Willieboy, Rites of Passage there is a physical altercation that caused a stunt in their ability to grow emotionally as a character, thus disabling them to continue to their ultimate stage of their reincorporation into society.…
Many stories throughout literary history resonate with their readers. Some enough to be deemed literary classics. Three stories which resonate with readers from all ages are “Boys” by Rick Moody, “Girl” by Jamaica Kincaid, and “Lust” by Susan Minot. All three stories tell of the coming of age experiences that men and woman have, but do not share the same tone. Two in particular, “Girl” and “Lust” are told from the perspective of characters themselves, and “Boys” is told from the perspective of an individual observing the main characters.…
The Narrator of Baldwin 's Sonny Blues tells the stories of his brother, his family, and his community in the Harlem neighborhood where he grew up. He gives the reader the sense that he is successful in comparison to his brother and the rest of people in his neighborhood, but he never tells his own story. The Narrator never even shares his name with the reader. In this way, the Narrator detaches himself from the tragedy surrounding him. He tells the story of everyone else’s tragedies and assumes the futures of other people experiencing similar tragedies, all while remaining divorced from the ways in which the tragedy impacts him.…
In Toni Morrison’s “Recitatif,” Twyla Benson retells the story of her time in St. Bonaventure shelter and encounters with Roberta Frisk, but they remember different things each time they reminisce on the past. Twyla finds herself evaluating what really happened in her life, shifting ideas based on her own memories and what Roberta thinks. Her thoughts are ultimately distorted, raising questions on what is actually true. Twyla, as the narrator, tells the story with her own bias, making it difficult to discern the authenticity of each thought or event. Her thoughts, however, are influenced by present events, which can be considered to recognize the reality of a situation.…
Mary McCarthy’s short story, “C.Y.E.” thoroughly explores character development. McCarthy’s writing techniques impact the reader in a way that helps them better understand the protagonists’ emotional changes. Allowing this insight through the characters’ development McCarthy gives the reader a connection to her short story. McCarthy demonstrates such impactful character development through the plot, language and narrative of the story. To start off with McCarthy’s narrative revolves around the character telling the story.…
The Extremes of Self Discovery An individual may struggle all of his or her life to figure out who he or she is as an individual for the duration of his or her life, usually beginning with one’s past. The past always has a way to seemingly define a person’s personality and characteristics. As a result, depending on the type of past that a person has experienced, as an individual matures he or she will try to go against his or her upbringing and family situation while other individuals may attempt to hold on to the past in order to discover his or her roots. This notion of self-discovery was explored in “When I Woke Up Tuesday, It Was Friday” by Martha Stout in relation to trauma victims.…
Everybody goes through at least one traumatic experience in their lifetime. Katherine Philips, the writer of “On the Death of My First and Dearest Child, Hector Philips”, and Frances Burney, the writer of “Mastectomy” are no exceptions. One way to deal with the grief that comes along with such traumatic experiences is to write about it. Philips deals with the grief of losing her son through writing a poem. Burney also deals with her grief, but by writing about her mastectomy in the form of a short story.…
The literary canon is a list of books chosen by scholars that displays the books that have been influential to western culture. The books chosen have been placed under this list because they contain important information that has impacted America. The controversial part of these “canonized” books is that they have been selected by “important” scholars. The system of canonizing a book lacks the diversity that the western hemisphere has, therefore, not all the western cultures are being represented. Representation is key to accuracy within history, in order to capture the essential history of the American literature.…
A young boy sits on the floor gazing up in amusement as his parents tell him stories that have traveled from generation to generation. Whether it be a tale of malicious war or brave acts of heroism, the little boy will always remember the impactful tales. But what about the parents; what is their motive for telling tales to their child? People tell stories for different reasons; a best selling author may write his story to sell books. While a parent tells a story to set their child straight, others simply want the thrill of telling tales of their adventurous life.…
“Sonny’s Blues,” by James Baldwin, is a narrative exploring the relationship between Sonny and his older brother. After years of estrangement, Sonny and his brother attempt to resume a brotherly relationship. After watching a revival meeting occur on the street from the window of his home, Sonny’s brother accepts Sonny’s invitation to watch Sonny perform at a local venue. During Sonny’s performance, Sonny’s brother comes finally to understand Sonny. Baldwin’s central idea suggests that people cope with tragedy and hardships in different ways.…
As people, we are often more inclined to listen to what people currently tell us. To live in the present based on what we observe. To overlook events from the past that hold many principles we are unaware of. In Michelle Cliff’s Abeng, these distinctions of the past versus the present are identified through Cliff’s use of varying repetition, sentence structure and writing style for each shift in time, depictions the past to be objective and true and the present to be affected by people’s different perceptions. Cliff’s contrasting portrayals of the past and present serves as a bridge between what is true and what is perceived for her readers, which on a larger scale, allows Clare to recognize the inherent flaws of the prejudice in her society…
In Octavia Butler’s novel Kindred, she illustrates the power white people designed to suppress black people in America. She uses characters, setting, and time to help the reader establish a better understanding of the racial injustice. Butlers makes it clear in her novel that by the establishment of a racial hierarchy and the even further marginalization of black women, which not only affected slaves but is still affecting African Americans into the modern era. The novel begins with the main character Dana having her arm crushed inside the wall of her house, but she cannot explain to anyone how it happened.…
Point of View, Who’s Perception? “Sonny’s Blues,” a short story written by James Baldwin, is expressed in the limited omniscient point of view. Limited omniscient point of view is most commonly referred to as first person point of view. The focus of this essay is to analyze the point of view used in “Sonny’s Blues,” while also revealing how symbolism is reflected in this short story written by Baldwin (Baldwin).…
In her book, “A Poetics of Postmodernism”, Linda Hutcheon identifies the term postmodernism, when used in fiction, to describe fiction that is at once metafictional and historical in the way it presents the texts and contexts of the past (Hutcheon, 40). This is what she calls historiographic metafiction. Most of the historiographic novels emphasize self-reflexivity and our paradoxical relations to past events. Historiographic metafiction somehow acknowledges the paradox of the past, that is to say, the past is accessible to us today only in the form of text. As Fredric Jameson reminds us, “history is not a text, but it is only accessible in textual form” (Homer, 4).…