Asian American Elements In Ken Liu's 'Paper Menagerie'

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My parents are from Bangladesh and I was born in America. My two cultures clash, especially since I see myself more as American than Bengali. I consider myself Asian American as I am able to accept both cultures. An Asian American is an American with an Asian background who has both American and Asian influences within his or her life. Defining Asian American leads to questioning the definition of Asian American literature. Asian American literature is literature that displays Asian American elements within the work and stresses the definition of Asian American. “Paper Menagerie” by Ken Liu, a work of fiction, can be considered Asian American literature because it contains many Asian American elements and displays its own definition of Asian American. Jack from Ken Liu’s “Paper Menagerie” had to balance between his American and Chinese cultures since they clashed very heavily. Jack is an American who grew up in Connecticut with an Asian mother who “didn’t know any English” (1). Jack’s mother was his sole Chinese influence, a kidnapped orphan who ran away from her miserable life by marrying an American man. In America “no one understood [her], and [she] understood nothing” (7). She was miserable after losing all her family back in China and could not communicate with the people around her. She witnessed “shades of [her] mother, [her] father, and [herself]” on Jack’s face when he was born which reinvigorated her soul (8). Since Jack was her only reminder of her ancestry, she influenced him by exposing as much Asian culture to him as possible. Jack’s mother cooked Chinese dishes, taught Jack Chinese, and displayed origami to Jack by folding paper animals for him. She folded Jack a tiger with Christmas wrapping paper which had “red candy canes and green Christmas trees” (1). Jack’s mother did not want to be selfish and integrate only Asian influences onto Jack, since he was growing up in an American environment. She tied Christmas, an American holiday, in with her Asian art of folding. Jack gets in a dispute with his white friend Mark, who criticizes the origami his mother made for him, convincing him to see “Loahu as trash” (3). Compared to Mark’s toy Jack realizes how simple Loahu is and soon wants real toys. After getting bullied in school for having a chink face, Jack denounces his Asian background. He realized how different his mother’s teachings and influence was compared to the rest of society, so Jack decided to fit in with the norm and strip Asian culture away from his life. Using Jack, Ken Liu defines Asian American as someone who incorporates different cultures in his or her life. The definition of Asian American literature is constantly changing as Asian American literature is expanding to new audiences. According to Sumida and Wong, in the 1970s and 1980s, what once meant …show more content…
An author does not have to be Asian American to write Asian American literature. The content of the writing and what it is exposing the reader is what defines it as Asian American literature. Karissa Chen states that the APIA librarian association defined Asian American literature as “works [that] should be related to APIA experiences (either historical or contemporary) or APIA cultures.” This definition of APIA literature is a general one which does not restrict APIA literature to be written by only APIAs and grants a lot of freedom to

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