Capitalism’s basic foundations were written about by Adam Smith in his book, The Wealth of Nations, which laid out the various principles of capital and labor which developed into Capitalism. Capitalism shows three distinct characteristics: the private ownership of production, wage labor, and goods or services which are exchanged via a market. Adam Smith establishes the foundation of Capitalism through labor and specifically, the division of labor into varying jobs and operations within the manufacturing process. Smith uses this idea of division of labor as an example of how workers, each doing their own unique job, can lead to expanded number of quantities of manufactured goods. This idea of division of labor comes from 3 different processes which affect the labor force and the ability of the labor force to extract the most out of their labor. The first outcome from this division of labor is that of the worker and how the individual worker is improved from this division of labor. The example given by Smith is that of the blacksmith, who though well versed in the use of a hammer, does not know how to make nails and if the blacksmith attempted to make nails, he would make only …show more content…
Eastern Europe and Russia are good measures in the transition from communism to capitalism. This is important to consider because although the Soviet Union lasted almost 80 years, it to, ultimately, returned to capitalism. Although people had high hopes for many of the former communist countries, they mostly did not live up to the hype given to them. There have been cultural consequences to this transition back to capitalism as Russia, who normally is on the forefront of the arts, has been relatively silent under the new capitalist system. It could also be said that the transitioning countries have had no real influential political leaders with the exception of Vladimir Putin in Russia. The transition from communist or semi-communist states to capitalist ones has been a problem for Eastern Europe even though adopting capitalism can be seen a positive to