Color Blindness Most humans share the ability to sense and perceive the world in a similar way. However, a select number of people view the world differently than the average person. Some people can visualize the same depth and shape of an object, but they do not see the same color. Color Blindness is the abnormal inability to distinguish different colors, and it can be genetically inherited or caused by a disease or damage to the eye. The human eye is able to perceive differences among more than one million color variations. According to the Young-Helmholtz trichromatic (three color) theory, created by Hermann von Helmholtz and English physicist Thomas Young, the retina contains three different color receptors for the colors red, blue,
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Four examples of this disorder are protanomaly, protanopia, deuteranomaly, and deutranopia. Protanomaly affects one percent of males, and results in red, orange, and yellow colors appearing greener due to abnormal red cone photopigments. Protanopia affects one percent of males, and results in red looking black, while shades of orange, yellow, and green appear yellow due to no working red cones. Deuteranomaly is the most common form of red-green color blindness, and it affects five percent of males. It involves abnormal green cone photopigments, so yellow and green colors appear redder, and violet and blue are difficult to discriminate. Deuteranopia affects one percent of males and is caused by no working green cone cells. This results in reds looking brownish-yellow, and greens looking beige.
Blue-yellow color blindness Blue-color blindness refers to the loss or limited function of blue cone (tritan) photopigments. Two forms of this disorder are tritanomaly and tritanopia, which are both extremely rare autosomal dominant disorders that affect both males and females equally. Tritanomaly causes blue to appear greener due to functionally limited blue cone cells. It also makes it difficult to distinguish yellow from red and pink. Tritanopia causes blue to appear green, and yellow to appear violet or light grey due to a lack of blue cone cells.
Complete Color
Four examples of this disorder are protanomaly, protanopia, deuteranomaly, and deutranopia. Protanomaly affects one percent of males, and results in red, orange, and yellow colors appearing greener due to abnormal red cone photopigments. Protanopia affects one percent of males, and results in red looking black, while shades of orange, yellow, and green appear yellow due to no working red cones. Deuteranomaly is the most common form of red-green color blindness, and it affects five percent of males. It involves abnormal green cone photopigments, so yellow and green colors appear redder, and violet and blue are difficult to discriminate. Deuteranopia affects one percent of males and is caused by no working green cone cells. This results in reds looking brownish-yellow, and greens looking beige.
Blue-yellow color blindness Blue-color blindness refers to the loss or limited function of blue cone (tritan) photopigments. Two forms of this disorder are tritanomaly and tritanopia, which are both extremely rare autosomal dominant disorders that affect both males and females equally. Tritanomaly causes blue to appear greener due to functionally limited blue cone cells. It also makes it difficult to distinguish yellow from red and pink. Tritanopia causes blue to appear green, and yellow to appear violet or light grey due to a lack of blue cone cells.
Complete Color