Summary: Aortic Valve Vailure

About the size of a large fist, heart is made up of cardiac muscle, myocardium, with skeletal muscle-like striations. It has two upper atria & two lower ventricles separated vertically by septum, and four main valves with which the blood makes its directional flow into and out of the heart. Deoxygentated blood with which the blood flows into and out of the organ.
Deoxygenated blood enters through the venae cava fills the right atrium (RA) and right ventricle (RV) through the tricuspid valve. Then, RV contracts pushing the blood to pulmonary circuit and returns oxygenated from the lungs and travels to left atrium (LA) and left atrium (LA) through the mitral valve. Left ventricle can be seen encased with thicker muscle in comparison to that …show more content…
This provides huge advantages over any other prosthetic replacement with longevity, its capability to handle high volume of blood flow, ability to continue to grow in a patient not fully grown as well as the little need for long-term medication treatment. Also, this works because the pulmonary valve does not need to generate too much force to push blood to the lungs …show more content…
The low to none regenerability of myocardium due to innately low proliferation of adult cardiomyocytes as well as limited progenitor cells cause patients with great distress affecting highest rate of morbidity and mortality rates. While heart transplantation is potentially the curative treatment for the malfunctioning heart, the need for immunosuppression, frequent monitoring, the low supply and high demand of donors as well as the problems that rise from xenotransplantation states a better repair approach. Researches to induce formation of functional neo-myocardium took several pathways: utilizing the existing cardiomyocytes to regenerate or transform scar tissue into myocytes using growth factors or adding new cells called cellular cardiomyoplasty