Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNCCC) is the sixth most common cancer known worldwide with an incidence of 0.5 million new cases diagnosed annually, around half of these cases are oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) (Jithesh et al., 2013). Though numerous risk factors have been implicated in the development of OSCC , the most important are tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and betel-quid chewing (Petti et al., 2013).
Evidences suggested that viruses are involved in oral carcinogenesis and there has been a growing interest in studying this correlation. According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the six viruses attributed to human cancer are: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), several types …show more content…
It is the leading cause of serious liver diseases as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (Mohd Hanafiah et al., 2013). Global disease prevalence estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO) was published and indicated that HCV virus shows 3% prevalence and it infects more than 170 million people throughout the world (Lavanchy, …show more content…
Where the oral cavity is one of the most frequently reported extra-hepatic disease associated with HCV infection.
It has been suggested as a possible triggering factor for precancerous and cancerous oral lesions. Evidences suggesting a strong correlation with oral lichen planus (OLP), which can have a potential for malignant transformation and many epidemiological studies indicated a significant correlation with OSCC (Carrozzo and Scally, 2014).
The first study conducted by Nagao et al., 1995, suggested a possible correlation of HCV with oral cavity cancer, since the oral cavity is frequently exposed to HCV from saliva and serum in HCV positive patients making the cells susceptible to genetic instability and carry the risk for oral carcinogenesis.
A systematic review aimed to summarize evidence on the possible relationship between HCV infection and oral cancer risk has reported the presence of 10 published studies studying this correlation (Fiorino et al.,
Evidences suggested that viruses are involved in oral carcinogenesis and there has been a growing interest in studying this correlation. According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the six viruses attributed to human cancer are: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), several types …show more content…
It is the leading cause of serious liver diseases as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (Mohd Hanafiah et al., 2013). Global disease prevalence estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO) was published and indicated that HCV virus shows 3% prevalence and it infects more than 170 million people throughout the world (Lavanchy, …show more content…
Where the oral cavity is one of the most frequently reported extra-hepatic disease associated with HCV infection.
It has been suggested as a possible triggering factor for precancerous and cancerous oral lesions. Evidences suggesting a strong correlation with oral lichen planus (OLP), which can have a potential for malignant transformation and many epidemiological studies indicated a significant correlation with OSCC (Carrozzo and Scally, 2014).
The first study conducted by Nagao et al., 1995, suggested a possible correlation of HCV with oral cavity cancer, since the oral cavity is frequently exposed to HCV from saliva and serum in HCV positive patients making the cells susceptible to genetic instability and carry the risk for oral carcinogenesis.
A systematic review aimed to summarize evidence on the possible relationship between HCV infection and oral cancer risk has reported the presence of 10 published studies studying this correlation (Fiorino et al.,