1. The ship of Theseus thought experiment explores what actually makes up our personal identity over time. In the experiment, an original ship (S1) is considered at time t1, later on another ship is built at sea with new parts (S2) at t2 and later on built on land with original parts (S3). One more thing to consider is that the ships all look the same, no difference in the structure. Qualitative identity holds that two things or persons have the same common properties while numerical identity holds that two things or person are the same entity at the same reference (same substance). Numerical identity is solely dependent on the reference of both bodies. From the thought experiment, S1 is qualitatively identical to both S2 and S3 since they
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Incompabilism claims that free will is incompatible with the truth of determinism. The consequence of argument for Incompatibilism suggests two different levels of description i.e. the physical level at which we refer to the world from fundamental physics and the agential level which we describe as agents. More specifically, the distinction between the past and future. There are two parts of the consequence argument that compatibilist reject.
The first is reject the ability to do otherwise. The reason being someone could have done otherwise if that person willed or choose to do so. The second is to deny the validity of the inference rule beta argument uses. The reason is because using the basic rule of logical replacement, it can be seen that (1) Np (stands for p is true and no one has or ever had any choice about whether p was true) and (2) Nq (stands for q is true and no one has or ever had any choice about whether p was true) would entail (3) N (p and q), then if rule beta was valid. 1 and 2 do not entail 3, so beta must be …show more content…
Determinism by itself holds that all things are caused by something else. It’s divided into hard and soft determinism. On the other hand, hard determinism suggests that our choices are not ours but has been predetermined and our actions are just consequences of our past. In other words, we have no control over what our actions cause. Instead, free will is the ability for us to act on our own discretion. Hard determinism is significantly different from free will and soft determinism. With hard determinism we have no freedom in the sense of morality. Also, we there is no reason to have a justice system for punishment since no one can be held accountable for his/her actions. Instead, free will supports punishment for our actions because our actions are solely caused by us. There is no predetermined future, no external force acting on, etc. Also humans have free will according to proponents of free will. What this means is that we act on our own and should be held accountable for our acts. It will be impossible for proponents of free will to agree with hard determinism since hard determinism claims of a higher
Incompabilism claims that free will is incompatible with the truth of determinism. The consequence of argument for Incompatibilism suggests two different levels of description i.e. the physical level at which we refer to the world from fundamental physics and the agential level which we describe as agents. More specifically, the distinction between the past and future. There are two parts of the consequence argument that compatibilist reject.
The first is reject the ability to do otherwise. The reason being someone could have done otherwise if that person willed or choose to do so. The second is to deny the validity of the inference rule beta argument uses. The reason is because using the basic rule of logical replacement, it can be seen that (1) Np (stands for p is true and no one has or ever had any choice about whether p was true) and (2) Nq (stands for q is true and no one has or ever had any choice about whether p was true) would entail (3) N (p and q), then if rule beta was valid. 1 and 2 do not entail 3, so beta must be …show more content…
Determinism by itself holds that all things are caused by something else. It’s divided into hard and soft determinism. On the other hand, hard determinism suggests that our choices are not ours but has been predetermined and our actions are just consequences of our past. In other words, we have no control over what our actions cause. Instead, free will is the ability for us to act on our own discretion. Hard determinism is significantly different from free will and soft determinism. With hard determinism we have no freedom in the sense of morality. Also, we there is no reason to have a justice system for punishment since no one can be held accountable for his/her actions. Instead, free will supports punishment for our actions because our actions are solely caused by us. There is no predetermined future, no external force acting on, etc. Also humans have free will according to proponents of free will. What this means is that we act on our own and should be held accountable for our acts. It will be impossible for proponents of free will to agree with hard determinism since hard determinism claims of a higher