Schraders (2003) article discusses the history of noir, citing its inspirations and artists who created the first noir films. Schrader defines film noir through a certain criteria. More obvious elements such as stylised lighting to make it look at night, complex structure (not generally linear) and an over attachment to water (scenes set in rain or near water) are used. While less obvious conventions such as the camera favouring to move around the actor rather than the actor moving the camera and the influence of the German expressionist with oblique and vertical lines being preferred are also used. As well as these conventions film noir generally contains themes such as the fear of the future and a passion of the past and present (Schrader,
