Ruback and Juieng (1997) performed a naturalistic study to conclude whether or not drivers take longer to leave a parking spot when another driver is waiting to occupy the space. To conduct this experiment, two researchers stood in front of a mall and observed shoppers who parked their cars in the fifty two parking spots closest to them. Out of the two hundred observed, seventy were intruded by another driver and these drivers took more time to depart from their parking space than the drivers who were not intruded upon. The number of occupants present in the vehicle were also taken into consideration by the researchers. The results concluded that drivers who were alone departed sooner than those with passengers in their cars. While many factors
