For case number one involving the boy named Bobby, the target behavior is to increase the frequency of achieving and maintaining a clean bedroom. Clean will be operationally defined as bed made, toys put away, trash in the trash can, no presence of dirty dishes or glasses, laundry put in the designated hamper, and no visible clutter on shelving, bed, and floors. The frequency of checks made by Mr. Kelly will be before school, an hour before established as bedtime, and two additional checks during the weekend days, roughly four hours apart. By targeting the room cleaning behavior, this should, by its nature, decrease the number of prompts given by Mr. Kelly.
Operant conditioning is the fundamental process of learning; it is when a connection, …show more content…
Negative reinforcement is not to be confused with punishment, as negative reinforcement increases a behavior and punishment decreases a behavior. Punishment can be positive punishment or negative punishment, just as with reinforcement. Punishment can decrease a behavior by using an adverse stimuli (positive punishment), or by removing a desired stimuli (negative punishment).Positive reinforcement is the addition of something desirable following a behavior-something that is a rewarding stimuli, (such as things that activate pleasure centers). These stimuli can range from praise and social attention to access to tangible rewards. Negative reinforcement can increase a behavior as well, by removing an adverse stimuli following a behavior; that is the removal of something unwanted to increase behavior. Some factors that influence the effectiveness of reinforcement are immediacy, contingency, motivating operations, individual differences, and magnitude (Miltenberger, …show more content…
The greater the length of time between the behavior and consequence, the lower the effectiveness of the reinforcement. If there is too much delay, the consequence will have no impact on the behavior. The need for immediacy plays an important role in reinforcement on social behavior. Social reinforcers dictate what is appropriate and valued in social interactions, and strengthen social behavior as a result (Miltenberger,
Operant conditioning is the fundamental process of learning; it is when a connection, …show more content…
Negative reinforcement is not to be confused with punishment, as negative reinforcement increases a behavior and punishment decreases a behavior. Punishment can be positive punishment or negative punishment, just as with reinforcement. Punishment can decrease a behavior by using an adverse stimuli (positive punishment), or by removing a desired stimuli (negative punishment).Positive reinforcement is the addition of something desirable following a behavior-something that is a rewarding stimuli, (such as things that activate pleasure centers). These stimuli can range from praise and social attention to access to tangible rewards. Negative reinforcement can increase a behavior as well, by removing an adverse stimuli following a behavior; that is the removal of something unwanted to increase behavior. Some factors that influence the effectiveness of reinforcement are immediacy, contingency, motivating operations, individual differences, and magnitude (Miltenberger, …show more content…
The greater the length of time between the behavior and consequence, the lower the effectiveness of the reinforcement. If there is too much delay, the consequence will have no impact on the behavior. The need for immediacy plays an important role in reinforcement on social behavior. Social reinforcers dictate what is appropriate and valued in social interactions, and strengthen social behavior as a result (Miltenberger,