Civil liberties, or personal freedoms are personal freedoms of thought, behavior, or expression that any authorities cannot abridge by law or by judicial interpret ion without due process. As one of the universal applications, personal freedom-a human right-should not be interpreted culturally or contextually(Franck, 593). For example, China’s Fundamental Rights and Duties of Citizens claims to protect many civil liberties. The U.S. constitution, especially the Fourteenth Amendment, protects civil rights by introducing a series of clauses. Hence, ideally, citizens should enjoy freedom from forced disappearance, freedom from torture, and also the right to security, privacy …show more content…
Lu that “It is necessary for doctors to have psychotherapists’ licenses to practice this kind of treatment.” Then, he uses reports from the China Youth Daily to indicate that Yang and the other physicians who work in the “Quitting Internet Center” do not have the certification of psychotherapist while he had not heard of “psychological therapists” exam before. At the end of this report, Key states the position again by citing the words from Xiaoqin Zhuo in this report, “If there are no uniform standards for medical treatment, there is no indication, even if they can conduct scientific research in this area, would have to go through examination and approval, especially when involving people.” Therefore, key believes Yang has restricted the personal freedom by using aversion therapy, and it is unreasonable to operate his treatment. The influence on audiences from this news depends on the position of audiences as well. Covino and Jolliffe also mentioned that “the audience for a eulogy is the people who were connected…who are in the position to have their feelings.” This news was not only written to the public but also written to parents who were concerning to send their children into Yang’s treatment center because many parents send their children to the treatment center without instigation from Yang. These want their children obedient them after the