Neutrinos are one of the most abundant particles in the universe second only to photons, yet they are one of the most elusive particles known to man. The neutrino is essentially a near massless subatomic particle possessing a neutral charge. Neutrinos scarcely interact with normal matter as a consequence of having a neutral charge and a mass of almost zero. There are three flavors of neutrinos: electron, tau, and muon; many neutrinos oscillate between these flavors. Neutrinos can be produced in nuclear reactions such as the fusion of atoms in the stars and the fission of atoms in nuclear reactors; they were also created in the very first moments of the universe in the big bang. The neutrino was proposed in 1930 by Austrian-born theoretical
