The Effects of Mefloquine (an antimalarial pill) on Mice Cognitive and Deficits in Olfactory Bulb.
Mena Mekail
Introduction to Scientific Research
December 8, 2015
Introduction
Worldwide air travel has seen a great increase in recent years, in fact it is projected that 1.45 billion people are expected to travel by air in 2016 (Huang and Tatem 2013). The increase of travel rate from malaria free and endemic countries has led to the increase of antimalarial drug resistance consumption (Huang and Tatem 2013). Mefloquine is a widely used antimalarial pill designed to prevent the contraction of malaria. But mefloquine is known to cause serious side effects that include neuropsychiatric and psychiatric disorders (Schlagenhauf et. al …show more content…
Inferior olive is a major source of input for cerebellar cortex, sensory information and motor output (Giessen et al. 2008). The cerebellar cortex play an important role in attention and language (Giessen et al. 2008). Van Der Giessen discover that the blockage of Cx36 in mice case a slow movement of the mice and cause raped eye blink in responses to sound (2008). Therefore olivary neurons is found to be essential for time adjustment of action potentials and thereby for learning dependent timing in cerebellar motor control (Giessen et al. 2008). In the experiment mice were trained in the Erasmus ladder, a sensing motion cover covering the start and end of a box for the mice to run back and forth and (Giessen et al. 2008). Then they were put to the test after given an effective does of mefloquine to conclude little effect on the cerebellar motor was shown (Giessen et al. 2008). But Van Der Giessen suggested that possible effect on the cerebellar motor learning can be seen if mefloquine is given during the training process …show more content…
Potent block of Cx36 and Cx50 gap junction channels by mefloquine. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 101(33): 12364-12369.
Essen, T., Giessen, R., Koekkoek, S., Vanderwerf, F., Zeeuw, C., Genderen, P., Jeu, M. 2010. Anti-Malaria Drug Mefloquine Induces Motor Learning Deficits in Humans. Frontiers in Neuroscience 4(191): 1-8.
Frinchi, M., Liberto, V., Turimella, S., D’Antoni, F., Theis, M., Belluardo, N., & Mudò, G. 2012. Connexin36 (Cx36) expression and protein detection in the mouse carotid body and myenteric plexus. Acta Histochemica 115(2013): 252–256.
Giessen, R., Koekkoek, S., Dorp, S., Gruijl, J., Cupido, A., Khosrovani, S., Zeeuw, C. 2008. Role of Olivary Electrical Coupling in Cerebellar Motor Learning. Neuron 58, 599-612.
Huang, Z., & Tatem, A. 2013. Global malaria connectivity through air travel. Malar J Malaria Journal 12 (269): 1-11.
Schlagenhauf, P., Adamcova, M., Regep, L., Schaerer, M., & Rhein, H . (n.d.) 2010. The position of mefloquine as a 21st century malaria chemoprophylaxis. Malar J Malaria Journal 9(1): 1-15.
Sithisarn, P., Rojsanga, P., Jarikasem, S., Tanaka, K., & Matsumoto, K. (2013). Ameliorative Effects of Acanthopanax trifoliatus on Cognitive and Emotional Deficits in
Mena Mekail
Introduction to Scientific Research
December 8, 2015
Introduction
Worldwide air travel has seen a great increase in recent years, in fact it is projected that 1.45 billion people are expected to travel by air in 2016 (Huang and Tatem 2013). The increase of travel rate from malaria free and endemic countries has led to the increase of antimalarial drug resistance consumption (Huang and Tatem 2013). Mefloquine is a widely used antimalarial pill designed to prevent the contraction of malaria. But mefloquine is known to cause serious side effects that include neuropsychiatric and psychiatric disorders (Schlagenhauf et. al …show more content…
Inferior olive is a major source of input for cerebellar cortex, sensory information and motor output (Giessen et al. 2008). The cerebellar cortex play an important role in attention and language (Giessen et al. 2008). Van Der Giessen discover that the blockage of Cx36 in mice case a slow movement of the mice and cause raped eye blink in responses to sound (2008). Therefore olivary neurons is found to be essential for time adjustment of action potentials and thereby for learning dependent timing in cerebellar motor control (Giessen et al. 2008). In the experiment mice were trained in the Erasmus ladder, a sensing motion cover covering the start and end of a box for the mice to run back and forth and (Giessen et al. 2008). Then they were put to the test after given an effective does of mefloquine to conclude little effect on the cerebellar motor was shown (Giessen et al. 2008). But Van Der Giessen suggested that possible effect on the cerebellar motor learning can be seen if mefloquine is given during the training process …show more content…
Potent block of Cx36 and Cx50 gap junction channels by mefloquine. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 101(33): 12364-12369.
Essen, T., Giessen, R., Koekkoek, S., Vanderwerf, F., Zeeuw, C., Genderen, P., Jeu, M. 2010. Anti-Malaria Drug Mefloquine Induces Motor Learning Deficits in Humans. Frontiers in Neuroscience 4(191): 1-8.
Frinchi, M., Liberto, V., Turimella, S., D’Antoni, F., Theis, M., Belluardo, N., & Mudò, G. 2012. Connexin36 (Cx36) expression and protein detection in the mouse carotid body and myenteric plexus. Acta Histochemica 115(2013): 252–256.
Giessen, R., Koekkoek, S., Dorp, S., Gruijl, J., Cupido, A., Khosrovani, S., Zeeuw, C. 2008. Role of Olivary Electrical Coupling in Cerebellar Motor Learning. Neuron 58, 599-612.
Huang, Z., & Tatem, A. 2013. Global malaria connectivity through air travel. Malar J Malaria Journal 12 (269): 1-11.
Schlagenhauf, P., Adamcova, M., Regep, L., Schaerer, M., & Rhein, H . (n.d.) 2010. The position of mefloquine as a 21st century malaria chemoprophylaxis. Malar J Malaria Journal 9(1): 1-15.
Sithisarn, P., Rojsanga, P., Jarikasem, S., Tanaka, K., & Matsumoto, K. (2013). Ameliorative Effects of Acanthopanax trifoliatus on Cognitive and Emotional Deficits in