Research Paper On Anurans

Improved Essays
Frogs and toads are known as Anurans. Anurans represent the most diverse, and widespread of the three existent amphibian species. Anurans can be found throughout the world. Frogs can be spotted in urban areas and gardens. However, it is rare for the anurans to be seen in polar regions, as well as some oceanic islands and extremely xeric deserts, but anuran diversity is greatest in the tropical areas (Heying, 2003).
The reason why anura was used to conduct this experiment was because the human body and the body of the anura are homeostasis. Both frogs and humans possess a skull, spine, central nervous system, and the bones of the limbs are given the same names for each species. Yet, the human radius and ulna are separate bones, which form the
…show more content…
Both frogs and humans have intricate muscular systems, but a close inspection reveals that they are built in ways particular to the needs of each. Simply put, frogs are built for jumping and humans are built to do many things. (Jirovsky, 2017). Alexander (1995) did an experiment relating to the topic of frogs and humans. Alexander studied the leg design and jumping technique for humans and frogs. The scientist used mathematical models to investigate the effect muscle properties, leg design and jumping technique have on jump height. It was found that jump height increases with increased isometric force exerted by leg muscles, their maximum shortening speeds and their series compliances. When ground forces are small multiples of body mass (as for humans), countermovement and catapult jumps are about equally high. Vertebrates, which is another word for fog, have not evolved catapult mechanisms and use countermovement jumps …show more content…
This article basically reviews how the disappearance of amphibians represents more than just a loss of a fascinating and appealing creatures, but how anurans are crucial components of many ecological communities. As well as, how the anurans have benefited humans directly, so if the frogs disappear, all the benefits that came along will disappear too. In some ecosystems, amphibians are the most abundant vertebrates. As a result, the disappearance of the amphibians can seriously disrupt the functioning of the rest of the ecological community. Amphibians represent a storehouse of pharmaceutical products for humans. Hundreds of chemical secretions have been isolated from amphibian skin, and scientists have just begun to learn how valuable these substances

Related Documents

  • Decent Essays

    The sciatic nerve used for the experiment was removed from a bullfrog that had been double-pithed. This means that the connection between the frog’s spinal cord and brain was severed. The result being that the frog could no longer feel the sensation of pain and that its muscle reflexes no longer functions. The frog’s skin was cut and pulled all the way down its body from the abdomen and removed from the legs. Its thigh muscles were then separated in order to expose the nerve.…

    • 112 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Bullfrog Dissection Lab

    • 473 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Bullfrog Dissection Background The American bullfrog, Lithobates catesbeianus, is an amphibian about the size of a teacup.(National Geographic, “American Bullfrog”). This dissection explored the anatomy of a bullfrog that had been pithed. Pithing is a technique used to prevent the frog from experiencing any cruel or unusual pain during the dissection. A pithed frog has had its nervous tissue in its brain severed thus allowing it to maintain normal bodily function during the dissection without having to endure the pain of the dissection.…

    • 473 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Lab report 3 At first glance it may appears unbelievable, because human bipedalism is such a key evolutionary innovation. Few characteristics of being human have engrossed such intense debate than the fact that, distinct from many other living mammals, humans walk upright on two legs. Unlike the quadrupedal primates, bipedal primates are sluggish, clumsy, and particularly unbalanced and disposed to to falls and injury. In spite of the negatives characteristics, bipedalism has allowed humans to multiply to a world population of over six billion.…

    • 476 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Elizabeth Kolbert’s book, The Sixth Extinction, covers the argument that we are currently in another mass extinction because the Earth is following similar trends as it did in the past five mass extinctions. The first chapter of The Sixth Extinction starts out by discussing frogs. Frogs are the one of the oldest species on Earth; however, the extinction rates of frogs is higher than it’s ever been, and it’s only increasing. Kolbert then focused specifically on Panamanian golden frogs. Not too long ago, these frogs were plentiful, but recently the numbers have decreased due to human’s introducing a native species to Panama: Chytrid fungus.…

    • 457 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Poison Frog Summary

    • 63 Words
    • 1 Pages

    In the article, “Poison Frog” the author informs us what currently is happening to poison dart frogs. The author tells us three different ways of why the frogs are going extinct, smugglers/hunters taking them out of there environment. They are also dying from climate change. Also there's diseases they are getting”. So that is the author's statement from the short article “poison…

    • 63 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Cinderella Lab Report

    • 552 Words
    • 3 Pages

    In the case of the Barking tree frogs of Florida’s Apalachicola national forest, Scientists have used…

    • 552 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Introduction Some people believe that we have only one type of muscle in our bodies that help us with all different types of tasks, however; not only do our bodies have different muscle types, they also contain different muscle fibers that are used for different activities. Skeletal muscle contain three types of muscle fibers: slow twitch, fast twitch oxidative, and fast twitch glycolytic. Most muscles in our bodies have different combinations of these muscle fibers, although our body recruits different muscle fibers for different activities. The first muscle fiber to be recruited are slow twitch fibers, are also known as Type I. “Slow twitch muscle fibers are the smallest in diameter, contain the least amount of actin and myosin, and allow…

    • 2096 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Table 1 Simulating environments and related parameters. From the observation of the results presented in Figs. 8-10, it is obvious that some designs have exploited the properties of the physical environment more effectively than others. The creature evolved for high friction has low exposed surface area on the limbs to lower the friction with the ground, and facilitate better movement.…

    • 236 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Koalas and frogs are both endangered animals. Koalas and frogs both have things in common with their problems. But, they have things in contrast. One of the things that koalas and frogs have in common is that they are both endangered animals.…

    • 245 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    How Does A Frog Twitch

    • 388 Words
    • 2 Pages

    *** Luigi Galvani used an electrostatic machine that produced sparks on frog legs and began to investigate the muscular contractions produced by electricity. Galvani discovered that the frog leg would contract if a scalpel touched the frog’s nerves when the machine was on. 
 More comprehensive experiments by Galvani showed that a dead frog’s leg could be made to twitch by electrical stimulation. Galvani also showed that the same twitching could be produced by touching the leg with a copper hook hung from an iron nail. This led him to conclude that the electricity that caused the frog’s legs to twitch was coming from within the frog and he described it as animal electricity.…

    • 388 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Hayleigh Hamrick-Sharp Mrs. Haver English 12 October 27, 2017 Should Animal Testing Continue or End: Most people do not know what goes on behind the scenes of the beauty industry. How do people think they determine whether a product is safe for a human or not? Animal testing is the most used method of testing products. There are many things people don't know about the method and there are many people against it.…

    • 959 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Primate Evolution Essay

    • 2054 Words
    • 9 Pages

    The Evolution in Primate Locomotion and Body Configuration One of the most important parts of the primate evolution is when the primates changed in body structure and locomotion. Although some may say that the origin of the human bipedalism is a persistent mystery (Gebo 1996); however, the evolution of bipedalism began in order to survive through climate changes, be able to hunt their food and get away from danger in order to survive. Primate locomotion can be classified into four major types: vertical clinging and leaping, quadrupedalism, brachiating and bipedalism (Groves, 2014). Over the millions of years, primates have been adapting to the changing environment therefore improving the structure of their bodies and speed (“Evolution…

    • 2054 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Waratah Anemone The Waratah sea anemone, Actinia tenebrosa is the most obvious anemone on Sydney's rocky shores, easily known by its red color. It is named after the beautiful red Waratah flower that is the emblem of New South Wales. The Waratah Anemone is named after the red Waratah Flower that is a native to New South Wales. It is also known as the Cherry Anemone.…

    • 520 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Invasive Species

    • 468 Words
    • 2 Pages

    As humans create new technology and machines that allow boundaries between countries to be crossed within hours, and sometimes even minutes. It is important to remember that we may not be the only creatures traveling on our well engineered vessels. Invasive species can travel just as easily in the cracks and crannies of even the best built vessels. The Coqui frogs native to Puerto Rico announced their arrival to the big island of Hawaii extremely loudly and are now threating to take route in Los Angeles as well; these frogs made their way to the US as tiny eggs through a seemingly harmless plant nursery trade and are not going away (Goldman 2015).…

    • 468 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Frog Muscle Lab Report

    • 846 Words
    • 4 Pages

    A single frog leg that was severed from the body at the hip joint was dissected to isolate and expose the gastrocnemius muscle. The gastrocnemius muscle was first separated from the tibiofibula bone, but left attached to the knee and the Achilles tendon. A 15 cm long piece of strong thread was tied tightly around the Achilles tendon of the heel of the frog for later attachment of the muscle to the force transducer equipment. The Achilles tendon below the tied string was then severed and the tibiofibula and femur bones were cut away and removed.…

    • 846 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays