A Relatable Approach to Early Problem Behavior in Children A recent psychology review paper on the article “Developmental and Social Influences on Young Girls’ Early Problem Behavior” by Keenan and Shaw discussed if the effects of development and socialization in children differ by gender. They focus their research on the first five years of life for this article. In order to assess behavioral issues in early childhood, Keenan and Shaw created these four categories: temperamental problems, aggression, behavioral inhibition, and internalizing/externalizing problems (Keenan & Shaw, 1997). After defining and applying the four categories, the authors concluded that the factors had little or no significance in their study. Keenan and Shaw explored
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The second hypothesis is supported by data collected for the article reviewed. Compared to the other types of development, social-emotional functioning has the greatest effect on problem behavior. Girls learn prosocial behavior earlier than boys, using empathy to regulate their performance. After analyzing all their research, Keenan and Shaw explain how their study is applied to adolescence. Although most girls are socialized in the first five years of life, it is not guaranteed that they will practice prosocial behaviors in adolescence. Several subjects require further research in order to provide solid results. Methodology, measurement, and data are examples of areas that needed improvement in order for Keenan and Shaw to formulate a substantial conclusion for the hypotheses discussed in their article. In Hergenhahn’s textbook, An Introduction to the History of Psychology, several scientists and their beliefs are introduced with extensive explanations and examples to accompany them. Chapter 5 is being focused on it this paper. It discusses empiricism, sensationalism, and positivism. However, ethology, motivation, and operant conditioning in addition to other outside sources support the understanding and development of ideas discussed in Keenan and Shaw’s …show more content…
He said that something good brings pleasure whereas something bad brings pain. (Hergenhahn, 2009, p. 134). Therefore, if children act a certain way because of a possible reward or punishment, then they are subjects of operant conditioning. Operant conditioning is a type of learning where an individual adjusts their reactions because of the consequences (Hergenhahn, 2009, p. 161). Children are convinced that they have to behave a certain way because they will be rewarded with fulfilled needs mentioned in Maslow’s Hierarchy – food, money, love, friends. Additionally, children with “good behavior” are rewarded in school with good grades, recess, and snacks. As a result, children that refuse to abide by these teachings are labeled as outcasts of society and ostracized for emitting their own responses to stimuli. The question is: are we rearing children or automatons? In child-rearing, there should be room for mistakes. Children are human too. They cannot be expected to remember every behavior that is and is not
The second hypothesis is supported by data collected for the article reviewed. Compared to the other types of development, social-emotional functioning has the greatest effect on problem behavior. Girls learn prosocial behavior earlier than boys, using empathy to regulate their performance. After analyzing all their research, Keenan and Shaw explain how their study is applied to adolescence. Although most girls are socialized in the first five years of life, it is not guaranteed that they will practice prosocial behaviors in adolescence. Several subjects require further research in order to provide solid results. Methodology, measurement, and data are examples of areas that needed improvement in order for Keenan and Shaw to formulate a substantial conclusion for the hypotheses discussed in their article. In Hergenhahn’s textbook, An Introduction to the History of Psychology, several scientists and their beliefs are introduced with extensive explanations and examples to accompany them. Chapter 5 is being focused on it this paper. It discusses empiricism, sensationalism, and positivism. However, ethology, motivation, and operant conditioning in addition to other outside sources support the understanding and development of ideas discussed in Keenan and Shaw’s …show more content…
He said that something good brings pleasure whereas something bad brings pain. (Hergenhahn, 2009, p. 134). Therefore, if children act a certain way because of a possible reward or punishment, then they are subjects of operant conditioning. Operant conditioning is a type of learning where an individual adjusts their reactions because of the consequences (Hergenhahn, 2009, p. 161). Children are convinced that they have to behave a certain way because they will be rewarded with fulfilled needs mentioned in Maslow’s Hierarchy – food, money, love, friends. Additionally, children with “good behavior” are rewarded in school with good grades, recess, and snacks. As a result, children that refuse to abide by these teachings are labeled as outcasts of society and ostracized for emitting their own responses to stimuli. The question is: are we rearing children or automatons? In child-rearing, there should be room for mistakes. Children are human too. They cannot be expected to remember every behavior that is and is not