There are two conditions someone could have if
There are two conditions someone could have if
Hypothalamus:- A part of lover middle brain that control and the pituitary gland to release hormone. It influences part of brain that controls hormone production by releasing different chemicals to the pituitary gland.…
1. What were the main findings of Mr. Penzey’s physical exam? How could his CT results be related to his blood pressure findings? A physical examination for high blood pressure also comprises a medical history.…
5). Amongst other factors, an individual’s dopamine levels are a big contributor to the reason a person continues to use and abuse drugs (Nutt, 2012, p. 139). Since dopamine levels stimulate the reward and pleasure areas of a person’s brain, when a drug is taken and their dopamine levels spike up, they will feel immense happiness and pleasure. However, what comes up must come down, and like all other things, their dopamine levels will go back down (Nutt, p. 139). During the “come down”, the individual will experience depression –like symptoms and the brain will start to recognize and associate happiness with the drug that they are taking.…
What is the relationship between L-tryptophan and serotonin. What is the reaction for synthesis of serotonin from L-tryptophan? L-tryptophan is the sole precursor of serotonin and plays a significant role in brain serotonin synthesis. In addition to being a precursor to this metabolic pathway, L-tryptophan is also the precursor to kynurenine synthesis (Richard D., et al., 2009). Research has shown that this essential amino acid is an important factor in mood, behavior, and cognition (Sainio EL.…
Dopamine is the main reward pathway as well as being a hormone it’s the main factor that impacts an individuals feeling of pleasure. However, when taking a drug this can work in place of the chemical neurotransmitter, therefore interfering with the balance of this chemical to make it imbalanced and therefore disrupting behavior of the typical neural communication. An example of this is the use of conventional antipsychotic drugs in the treatment of schizophrenia, these bind to dopamine receptors but don’t actually stimulate them and consequently because of this these are known as antagonists, this therefore has the effect that it reduces stimulation of dopamine particularly in D2 receptors; doing this reduces the amount of dopamine transmitted to the postsynaptic neuron decreasing and by doing this it therefore stops the brain receiving this excess of dopamine delaying the effects which is thought to cause schizophrenia when there is an excess eliminating the symptoms (Wiley & Sons,…
Operant conditioning in this theory is basically rewarding and punishing. For example if a child had done well at school then they would get rewarded for doing so with sticker charts or sweets or even praise. On the other hand if a child has been naughty and done something wrong then they should be punished with maybe a naughty corner etc. This theoretically teaches the child right and wrong. This links to the development of PIES at the infancy stage because of the intellectual, social and emotional development.…
& Gainetdinov, R.R. 2011, "The physiology, signaling, and pharmacology of dopamine receptors",Pharmacological reviews, vol. 63, no. 1, pp. J.T.P. LigginsThe roles of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in working memory functionMcGill Sci. Undergrad. Res.…
This system is between these ten major organ systems. It has an important role to communicate chemical messages, recognised as hormones, throughout the body. It is normally combined with the nervous system and composed dispenses these hormones that control development, nutrient absorption, water re absorption between further routes. This system has created numerous glands that secrete various endocrine hormones.…
Thyroxine is an iodine-containing, thyroid hormone produced by the thyroid gland. Along with thyroxine, triiodothyronine is also produced in the thyroid gland. Thyroxine usually is converted into triiodothyronine by enzymes in target cells called deiodinases. Concentrations of thyroxine are usually greater in the body, but triiodothyronine is considered the major thyroid hormone. Thyroxine production is controlled by the pituitary gland.…
Addiction is a complex behavior trait in which multiple genetic loci contribute to the variety in nervous system functions, which is very likely to contribute to methamphetamine (MA) addiction. In this experiment, selective breeding mice self-administered orally, high or low amounts of methamphetamine. The purpose the testing was to identify differences between the MADR lines in terms of genes to influence addiction related processes. The two strains of mice were placed in MA-induced conditioned place preference and conditioned taste aversion tests. The mice were tested in each generation from a breeding pair of thirteen per line.…
The release of hormones throughout the human body impacts society daily. By definition, hormones are chemicals that are released by glands which circulate in the bloodstream and act as messengers affecting particular cells and organs. With this, hormones affect human behavior. According to emedicinehealth.com, the endocrine system is made up of glands that produce and secrete hormones, chemical substances produced in the body that regulate the activity of cells or organs. This system enables hormones such as melatonin and cortisol to take effect on human behavior, which will be discussed in this paper.…
Neurologically, there is a chemical called Dopamine. Dopamine is released whenever we as humans find enjoyment in an activity. I will not pretend to be an expert on the chemical compounds and neurological travel of Dopamine, but I know my strongest reaction to it. All of my life I have felt the most happy when I have been surrounded by music. I’m not by any means an expert on music or even remotely gifted in it, but music has consistently been the most important part of my life.…
Specifically, the hippocampal and striatal regions showed a decrease in dopamine release during both models of stress. However, during chronic conditions, the striatum showed a greater depression in dopamine release than the hippocampus (Ahmad, Rasheed, Banu, & Patil, 2010). So, the only difference in regional activity was evident in the amount of dopamine release. This suggested that the hippocampal region was less sensitive to stressful conditions in comparison to the striatum. Therefore, the aforementioned findings were noteworthy because not only did they verify the concept of region-specific activity of dopaminergic systems but also showcased that the extent of dopamine release can be modulated by changes in the length of a…
Briefly describe and critically evaluate one or more models of addictive behaviour. Models of addictive behaviour aim to explain the initiation, maintenance and relapse of addictive behaviour. The Biological Model and The Cognitive Model are two that aim to do this. The biological model describes addiction as being a disease and enforces the idea that the addiction can’t be reversed even with treatment.…
Blood sugar regulation is the process by which the levels of blood sugar, primarily glucose, are maintained by the body within a narrow range. This phenomenon of tight regulation is commonly referred to as glucose homeostasis. Insulin and glucagon are the most well-known of the hormones involved. Blood sugar levels are regulated by negative feedback in order to keep the body in homeostasis. The levels of glucose in the blood are monitored by many tissues, but the cells in the pancreas's Islets of Langerhans are among the best understood and important.…